#include <windows.h> #include <iostream> using namespace std; const int N = 5; // 进程数 int count = 0; // 计数器 HANDLE mutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL); // 互斥量 HANDLE barrier = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL); // 屏障 DWORD WINAPI Process(LPVOID lpParam) { int id = ((int)lpParam); cout << "Process " << id << " arrived at barrier." << endl; WaitForSingleObject(mutex, INFINITE); count++; ReleaseMutex(mutex); if (count == N) { cout << "All processes arrived at barrier, releasing barrier." << endl; SetEvent(barrier); } WaitForSingleObject(barrier, INFINITE); cout << "Process " << id << " starts the next phase of work." << endl; return 0; } DWORD WINAPI Broadcast(LPVOID lpParam) { WaitForSingleObject(mutex, INFINITE); cout << "Broadcast process started." << endl; ReleaseMutex(mutex); SetThreadPriority(GetCurrentThread(), THREAD_PRIORITY_HIGHEST); WaitForSingleObject(barrier, INFINITE); cout << "Broadcast process releasing all processes." << endl; ReleaseMutex(mutex); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { ReleaseSemaphore((HANDLE)lpParam, 1, NULL); } return 0; } int main() { HANDLE threads[N]; DWORD threadIds[N]; HANDLE sem = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, N, NULL); int ids[N]; for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { ids[i] = i; threads[i] = CreateThread(NULL, 0, Process, &ids[i], 0, &threadIds[i]); if (threads[i] == NULL) { return 1; } } HANDLE broadcastThread = CreateThread(NULL, 0, Broadcast, sem, 0, NULL); if (broadcastThread == NULL) { return 1; } WaitForMultipleObjects(N, threads, TRUE, INFINITE); WaitForSingleObject(mutex, INFINITE); cout << "All processes completed." << endl; ReleaseMutex(mutex); return 0; }将此代码中的线程替换成进程

将线程替换成进程需要进行如下修改：

1. 需要将代码中的线程函数 Process 改为进程函数 ProcessProc，并修改其参数类型为 LPVOID。

2. 需要将代码中的 Broadcast 线程函数改为进程函数 BroadcastProc，并修改其参数类型为 LPVOID。

3. 需要使用 CreateProcess 函数创建进程，而不是使用 CreateThread 函数创建线程。

4. 进程间通信需要使用共享内存、命名管道或信号量等机制，而不是使用互斥量和事件等线程同步机制。

下面是修改后的代码示例：

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;

const int N = 5; // 进程数
int count = 0; // 计数器
HANDLE mutex; // 互斥量
HANDLE barrier; // 屏障
HANDLE sem; // 信号量

DWORD WINAPI ProcessProc(LPVOID lpParam) {
int id = *((int*)lpParam);
cout << "Process " << id << " arrived at barrier." << endl;
WaitForSingleObject(mutex, INFINITE);
count++;
ReleaseMutex(mutex);
if (count == N) {
cout << "All processes arrived at barrier, releasing barrier." << endl;
SetEvent(barrier);
}
WaitForSingleObject(barrier, INFINITE);
cout << "Process " << id << " starts the next phase of work." << endl;
ReleaseSemaphore(sem, 1, NULL);
return 0;
}

DWORD WINAPI BroadcastProc(LPVOID lpParam) {
cout << "Broadcast process started." << endl;
WaitForSingleObject(barrier, INFINITE);
cout << "Broadcast process releasing all processes." << endl;
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
ReleaseSemaphore(sem, 1, NULL);
}
return 0;
}

int main() {
mutex = CreateMutex(NULL, FALSE, NULL);
barrier = CreateEvent(NULL, TRUE, FALSE, NULL);
sem = CreateSemaphore(NULL, 0, N, NULL);

HANDLE processes[N];
int ids[N];
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
ids[i] = i;
STARTUPINFO si;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
si.cb = sizeof(si);
ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));
if (!CreateProcess(NULL, "Process.exe", NULL, NULL, FALSE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi)) {
return 1;
}
processes[i] = pi.hProcess;
CloseHandle(pi.hThread);
}

STARTUPINFO si;
PROCESS_INFORMATION pi;
ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(si));
si.cb = sizeof(si);
ZeroMemory(&pi, sizeof(pi));
if (!CreateProcess(NULL, "Broadcast.exe", NULL, NULL, FALSE, 0, NULL, NULL, &si, &pi)) {
return 1;
}
HANDLE broadcastProcess = pi.hProcess;
CloseHandle(pi.hThread);

WaitForMultipleObjects(N, processes, TRUE, INFINITE);
cout << "All processes completed." << endl;

CloseHandle(mutex);
CloseHandle(barrier);
CloseHandle(sem);
for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) {
CloseHandle(processes[i]);
}
CloseHandle(broadcastProcess);
return 0;
}

注意：上述代码中的 Process.exe 和 Broadcast.exe 是需要单独编译生成的进程可执行文件。在 Process.exe 中运行 ProcessProc 函数，在 Broadcast.exe 中运行 BroadcastProc 函数。可以使用 Visual Studio 或者其它 C++ 编译器进行编译。