pymysql.err.OperationalError: (1045, "Access denied for user 'root'@'localhost' (using password: YES)")

This error message indicates that the user 'root' is being denied access to the database on the local machine with the provided password. This could be due to one of several reasons:

1. The password is incorrect: Double-check that the password being used is correct and matches the password for the 'root' user on the local machine.

2. The user 'root' does not have the necessary privileges: Ensure that the 'root' user has the necessary privileges to access the database. This can be done by logging into the database as a different user with sufficient privileges and granting the necessary privileges to the 'root' user.

3. The MySQL service is not running: Ensure that the MySQL service is running on the local machine. If it is not running, start the service and try again.

4. The database server is not configured to allow remote connections: If you are trying to connect to a remote database server, ensure that the server is configured to allow remote connections. This can be done by modifying the server's configuration file and allowing remote access.