请把这些都写到一个.py文件里

当然可以！下面是一个完整的 `book_management_system.py` 文件，实现了您所描述的图书管理系统：

import json
import os

class Book:
    def __init__(self, id, title, author, publication_year):
        self.__id = id
        self.__title = title
        self.__author = author
        self.__publication_year = publication_year
        self.__is_borrowed = False

    def get_id(self):
        return self.__id

    def get_title(self):
        return self.__title

    def get_author(self):
        return self.__author

    def get_publication_year(self):
        return self.__publication_year

    def is_borrowed(self):
        return self.__is_borrowed

    def set_title(self, title):
        self.__title = title

    def set_author(self, author):
        self.__author = author

    def set_publication_year(self, publication_year):
        self.__publication_year = publication_year

    def borrow_book(self):
        if not self.__is_borrowed:
            self.__is_borrowed = True
            return True
        else:
            raise ValueError("The book is already borrowed.")

    def return_book(self):
        if self.__is_borrowed:
            self.__is_borrowed = False
            return True
        else:
            raise ValueError("The book is not currently borrowed.")

    def display_info(self):
        print(f"ID: {self.__id}, Title: {self.__title}, Author: {self.__author}, Publication Year: {self.__publication_year}, Borrowed: {self.__is_borrowed}")

class Library:
    def __init__(self, file_path="library_data.json"):
        self.file_path = file_path
        self.books = []
        self.load_books()

    def load_books(self):
        if os.path.exists(self.file_path):
            with open(self.file_path, 'r') as f:
                data = json.load(f)
                for book_data in data:
                    book = Book(**book_data)
                    self.books.append(book)

    def save_books(self):
        with open(self.file_path, 'w') as f:
            data = [book.__dict__ for book in self.books]
            json.dump(data, f, indent=4)

    def add_book(self, book):
        self.books.append(book)
        self.save_books()
        print("Book added successfully.")

    def remove_book(self, id):
        for book in self.books:
            if book.get_id() == id:
                self.books.remove(book)
                self.save_books()
                print("Book removed successfully.")
                return
        raise ValueError("Book not found.")

    def update_book(self, id, **kwargs):
        for book in self.books:
            if book.get_id() == id:
                for key, value in kwargs.items():
                    if hasattr(book, f"set_{key}"):
                        getattr(book, f"set_{key}")(value)
                self.save_books()
                print("Book updated successfully.")
                return
        raise ValueError("Book not found.")

    def find_book(self, id):
        for book in self.books:
            if book.get_id() == id:
                return book
        raise ValueError("Book not found.")

    def list_all_books(self):
        for book in self.books:
            book.display_info()

    def borrow_book(self, id):
        book = self.find_book(id)
        if book.borrow_book():
            self.save_books()
            print("Book borrowed successfully.")

    def return_book(self, id):
        book = self.find_book(id)
        if book.return_book():
            self.save_books()
            print("Book returned successfully.")

def main():
    library = Library()

    while True:
        print("\nLibrary Management System")
        print("1. Add Book")
        print("2. Remove Book")
        print("3. Update Book")
        print("4. Find Book")
        print("5. List All Books")
        print("6. Borrow Book")
        print("7. Return Book")
        print("8. Exit")

        choice = input("Enter your choice: ")

        try:
            if choice == "1":
                id = input("Enter ID: ")
                title = input("Enter Title: ")
                author = input("Enter Author: ")
                publication_year = int(input("Enter Publication Year: "))
                book = Book(id, title, author, publication_year)
                library.add_book(book)

            elif choice == "2":
                id = input("Enter ID: ")
                library.remove_book(id)

            elif choice == "3":
                id = input("Enter ID: ")
                title = input("Enter new Title (leave blank to skip): ")
                author = input("Enter new Author (leave blank to skip): ")
                publication_year = input("Enter new Publication Year (leave blank to skip): ")
                kwargs = {}
                if title:
                    kwargs['title'] = title
                if author:
                    kwargs['author'] = author
                if publication_year:
                    kwargs['publication_year'] = int(publication_year)
                library.update_book(id, **kwargs)

            elif choice == "4":
                id = input("Enter ID: ")
                book = library.find_book(id)
                book.display_info()

            elif choice == "5":
                library.list_all_books()

            elif choice == "6":
                id = input("Enter ID: ")
                library.borrow_book(id)

            elif choice == "7":
                id = input("Enter ID: ")
                library.return_book(id)

            elif choice == "8":
                break

            else:
                print("Invalid choice. Please try again.")

        except Exception as e:
            print(f"Error: {e}")

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

### 说明
1. **Book 类**：包含图书的基本属性和方法，并且属性被私有化。
2. **Library 类**：管理图书的集合，实现添加、删除、修改、查询图书以及图书的借阅与归还功能。
3. **文件管理**：使用 JSON 格式进行数据的持久化存储。
4. **异常处理**：在关键操作中加入了异常处理机制。
5. **用户交互**：设计了一个简单的命令行界面（CLI），允许用户通过输入指令来管理图书和借阅活动。

您可以将上述代码保存为 `book_management_system.py` 并运行它。希望这能满足您的需求！如果有任何进一步的问题，请随时告诉我。