用java语言 设计一个能细分为矩形、角形、肉形和椭圆彦的“图形”类。使用继承将这要图形分类，找出能作为基关部分的共同特征（如换准点)和方法(如画法、初始化)。并看看这些图形是否能进一步划分为子类。

在Java中设计这样一个"图形"类及其子类，可以采用继承和封装的原则，首先创建一个名为`Shape`的基类，包含一些通用的属性（例如位置x和y坐标）和方法（如`draw()`用于绘制图形）。然后，我们可以创建四个具体的形状类，如`Rectangle`, `Circle`, `Triangle`, 和 `Ellipse`，它们都从`Shape`类继承。

// 基类 Shape
public abstract class Shape {
    protected double x;
    protected double y;

    public Shape(double x, double y) {
        this.x = x;
        this.y = y;
    }

    // 共享的方法
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a generic shape at (" + x + ", " + y + ")");
    }

    // 公共属性，例如变换中心点
    public double getX() {
        return x;
    }
    public double getY() {
        return y;
    }
    public void setX(double newX) {
        x = newX;
    }
    public void setY(double newY) {
        y = newY;
    }
}

// 子类 Rectangle
public class Rectangle extends Shape {
    private double width;
    private double height;

    public Rectangle(double x, double y, double width, double height) {
        super(x, y);
        this.width = width;
        this.height = height;
    }

    // 重写 draw() 方法
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a rectangle at (" + x + ", " + y + ") with size " + width + "x" + height);
    }
}

// 子类 Circle
public class Circle extends Shape {
    private double radius;

    public Circle(double x, double y, double radius) {
        super(x, y);
        this.radius = radius;
    }

    // 重写 draw() 方法
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a circle at (" + x + ", " + y + ") with radius " + radius);
    }
}

// 子类 Triangle
public class Triangle extends Shape {
    private double sideA;
    private double sideB;
    private double sideC;

    public Triangle(double x, double y, double sideA, double sideB, double sideC) {
        super(x, y);
        this.sideA = sideA;
        this.sideB = sideB;
        this.sideC = sideC;
    }

    // 重写 draw() 方法
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing a triangle at (" + x + ", " + y + ") with sides " + sideA + ", " + sideB + ", and " + sideC);
    }
}

// 子类 Ellipse
public class Ellipse extends Shape {
    private double majorAxis;
    private double minorAxis;

    public Ellipse(double x, double y, double majorAxis, double minorAxis) {
        super(x, y);
        this.majorAxis = majorAxis;
        this.minorAxis = minorAxis;
    }

    // 重写 draw() 方法
    @Override
    public void draw() {
        System.out.println("Drawing an ellipse at (" + x + ", " + y + ") with major axis " + majorAxis + " and minor axis " + minorAxis);
    }
}