WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES

WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES是Windows Driver Framework (WDF)中的一个结构体，用于指定WDF对象的属性。该结构体包含一些成员，包括ParentObject、SynchronizationScope、ExecutionLevel和Context等。

其中，ParentObject成员指定了当前WDF对象的父对象；SynchronizationScope成员指定了同步范围；ExecutionLevel成员指定了执行级别；Context成员则是一个指针，用于保存自定义数据。

使用WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES可以帮助开发人员对WDF对象进行更好的管理和控制。例如，可以通过指定ExecutionLevel来确保在特定的IRQL下执行代码，从而避免出现不必要的错误。同时，通过设置Context成员可以方便地将自定义数据与WDF对象关联起来，以便在需要时轻松访问这些数据。

相关问题

写一个wdf驱动程序，能够访问pcie配置空间

好的，下面是一个简单的WDF驱动程序代码，可以访问PCIe配置空间：

#include <ntddk.h>
#include <wdf.h>

DRIVER_INITIALIZE DriverEntry;
EVT_WDF_DRIVER_UNLOAD OnDriverUnload;
EVT_WDF_DRIVER_DEVICE_ADD OnDeviceAdd;
EVT_WDF_DEVICE_CONTEXT_CLEANUP OnDeviceCleanup;

typedef struct _DEVICE_CONTEXT
{
    WDFDEVICE Device;
} DEVICE_CONTEXT, *PDEVICE_CONTEXT;

WDF_DECLARE_CONTEXT_TYPE_WITH_NAME(DEVICE_CONTEXT, GetDeviceContext)

NTSTATUS DriverEntry(_In_ PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, _In_ PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath)
{
    NTSTATUS status;
    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG config;

    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG_INIT(&config, OnDeviceAdd);
    config.EvtDriverUnload = OnDriverUnload;

    status = WdfDriverCreate(DriverObject, RegistryPath, WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, &config, WDF_NO_HANDLE);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDriverCreate failed with status 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

VOID OnDriverUnload(_In_ WDFDRIVER Driver)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Driver);
    KdPrint(("Driver unloaded\n"));
}

NTSTATUS OnDeviceAdd(_In_ WDFDRIVER Driver, _Inout_ PWDFDEVICE_INIT DeviceInit)
{
    NTSTATUS status;
    WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES attributes;
    PDEVICE_CONTEXT deviceContext;
    WDFDEVICE device;

    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Driver);

    WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES_INIT_CONTEXT_TYPE(&attributes, DEVICE_CONTEXT);
    status = WdfDeviceCreate(&DeviceInit, &attributes, &device);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceCreate failed with status 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    deviceContext = GetDeviceContext(device);

    // Access PCIe configuration space
    ULONG pciConfigSpaceAddress = 0x80000000; // example address, replace with your own
    ULONG data = 0;

    status = WdfDeviceQueryProperty(device, DevicePropertyPciConfigSpace, sizeof(pciConfigSpaceAddress), &pciConfigSpaceAddress, &data, sizeof(data), NULL);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceQueryProperty failed with status 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    // do something with the data

    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

VOID OnDeviceCleanup(_In_ WDFOBJECT Object)
{
    UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(Object);
    KdPrint(("Device cleanup\n"));
}

这个驱动程序创建一个设备，并在设备创建时访问PCIe配置空间。在 `OnDeviceAdd` 回调函数中，使用 `WdfDeviceQueryProperty` 函数查询设备的PCIe配置空间，获取相应的数据，然后进行处理即可。其中，`DevicePropertyPciConfigSpace` 参数用于指定查询PCIe配置空间的属性，`pciConfigSpaceAddress` 参数用于指定配置空间地址。这里仅作为一个示例，实际应用中需要根据具体情况修改代码。

需要注意的是，在驱动程序中访问PCIe配置空间需要管理员权限，因此必须以管理员身份运行驱动程序。

写一个能访问pcie配置空间的wdf驱动程序

以下是一个简单的WDF驱动程序，可以访问PCIe配置空间：

#include <ntddk.h>
#include <wdf.h>

#define DEVICE_NAME L"\\Device\\MyPCIDevice"
#define SYMBOLIC_LINK_NAME L"\\DosDevices\\MyPCIDevice"
#define BAR_INDEX 0

// Device context
typedef struct _DEVICE_CONTEXT
{
    ULONG BusNumber;
    ULONG DeviceNumber;
    ULONG FunctionNumber;
} DEVICE_CONTEXT, *PDEVICE_CONTEXT;

WDF_DECLARE_CONTEXT_TYPE_WITH_NAME(DEVICE_CONTEXT, GetDeviceContext)

// Forward declarations
DRIVER_INITIALIZE DriverEntry;
EVT_WDF_DRIVER_UNLOAD MyDriverUnload;
EVT_WDF_DEVICE_CONTEXT_CLEANUP MyDeviceContextCleanup;
EVT_WDF_DEVICE_PREPARE_HARDWARE MyDevicePrepareHardware;

NTSTATUS WriteConfigSpace(PDEVICE_CONTEXT pDevCtx, ULONG dwOffset, ULONG dwValue)
{
    ULONG ulBytesReturned;
    ULONG ulLength = sizeof(ULONG);
    ULONG ulAddress = (pDevCtx->BusNumber << 16) | (pDevCtx->DeviceNumber << 11) | (pDevCtx->FunctionNumber << 8) | (dwOffset & 0xfc);

    return WdfDeviceQueryProperty(WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject(pDevCtx->Device), DevicePropertyAddress, ulLength, &ulAddress, &ulBytesReturned, &dwValue);
}

NTSTATUS ReadConfigSpace(PDEVICE_CONTEXT pDevCtx, ULONG dwOffset, PULONG pdwValue)
{
    ULONG ulBytesReturned;
    ULONG ulLength = sizeof(ULONG);
    ULONG ulAddress = (pDevCtx->BusNumber << 16) | (pDevCtx->DeviceNumber << 11) | (pDevCtx->FunctionNumber << 8) | (dwOffset & 0xfc);

    return WdfDeviceQueryProperty(WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceObject(pDevCtx->Device), DevicePropertyAddress, ulLength, &ulAddress, &ulBytesReturned, pdwValue);
}

// DriverEntry routine
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(_In_ PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, _In_ PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath)
{
    NTSTATUS status;
    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG config;

    KdPrint(("DriverEntry\n"));

    // Initialize WDF driver configuration
    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG_INIT(&config, WDF_NO_EVENT_CALLBACK);

    // Register driver unload callback
    config.DriverUnload = MyDriverUnload;

    // Create WDF driver object
    status = WdfDriverCreate(DriverObject, RegistryPath, WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, &config, WDF_NO_HANDLE);

    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDriverCreate failed: 0x%x\n", status));
    }

    return status;
}

// Driver unload callback
VOID MyDriverUnload(_In_ WDFDRIVER Driver)
{
    KdPrint(("MyDriverUnload\n"));
}

// Device context cleanup callback
VOID MyDeviceContextCleanup(_In_ WDFOBJECT Device)
{
    PDEVICE_CONTEXT pDevCtx = GetDeviceContext(Device);

    KdPrint(("MyDeviceContextCleanup\n"));

    WdfObjectDelete(pDevCtx->Device);
}

// Device prepare hardware callback
NTSTATUS MyDevicePrepareHardware(_In_ WDFDEVICE Device, _In_ WDFCMRESLIST Resources, _In_ WDFCMRESLIST ResourcesTranslated)
{
    NTSTATUS status;
    PDEVICE_CONTEXT pDevCtx = GetDeviceContext(Device);
    ULONG ulValue = 0;

    KdPrint(("MyDevicePrepareHardware\n"));

    // Get PCI configuration space values
    status = ReadConfigSpace(pDevCtx, 0x00, &ulValue);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("ReadConfigSpace failed: 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    // Log vendor ID and device ID
    KdPrint(("Vendor ID: 0x%x\n", ulValue & 0xffff));
    KdPrint(("Device ID: 0x%x\n", (ulValue >> 16) & 0xffff));

    // Get BAR value
    status = ReadConfigSpace(pDevCtx, 0x10 + BAR_INDEX * 4, &ulValue);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("ReadConfigSpace failed: 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    // Log BAR value
    KdPrint(("BAR[%d]: 0x%x\n", BAR_INDEX, ulValue));

    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

// DriverEntry routine
NTSTATUS DriverEntry(_In_ PDRIVER_OBJECT DriverObject, _In_ PUNICODE_STRING RegistryPath)
{
    NTSTATUS status;
    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG config;
    WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES attributes;
    WDFDEVICE device;
    PDEVICE_CONTEXT pDevCtx;

    KdPrint(("DriverEntry\n"));

    // Initialize WDF driver configuration
    WDF_DRIVER_CONFIG_INIT(&config, WDF_NO_EVENT_CALLBACK);

    // Register driver unload callback
    config.DriverUnload = MyDriverUnload;

    // Create WDF driver object
    status = WdfDriverCreate(DriverObject, RegistryPath, WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, &config, WDF_NO_HANDLE);

    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDriverCreate failed: 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    // Create WDF device object
    WDF_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES_INIT_CONTEXT_TYPE(&attributes, DEVICE_CONTEXT);
    status = WdfDeviceCreate(&attributes, WDF_NO_OBJECT_ATTRIBUTES, &device);

    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceCreate failed: 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    // Set device context
    pDevCtx = GetDeviceContext(device);
    pDevCtx->BusNumber = 0;
    pDevCtx->DeviceNumber = 1;
    pDevCtx->FunctionNumber = 0;
    pDevCtx->Device = device;

    // Set device name and symbolic link
    status = WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface(device, &GUID_DEVINTERFACE_MY_DEVICE, NULL);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceCreateDeviceInterface failed: 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    status = WdfDeviceCreateSymbolicLink(device, &SYMBOLIC_LINK_NAME);
    if (!NT_SUCCESS(status))
    {
        KdPrint(("WdfDeviceCreateSymbolicLink failed: 0x%x\n", status));
        return status;
    }

    // Register cleanup callback
    WdfDeviceSetContextCleanupCallback(device, MyDeviceContextCleanup);

    // Register prepare hardware callback
    WdfDeviceInitSetPnpPowerEventCallbacks(WdfDeviceWdmGetDeviceInit(device), MyDevicePrepareHardware, NULL, NULL);

    return STATUS_SUCCESS;
}

此驱动程序创建了一个名为“\\DosDevices\\MyPCIDevice”的符号链接，该符号链接指向一个PCIe设备。在“EVT_WDF_DEVICE_PREPARE_HARDWARE”回调中，它使用“ReadConfigSpace”函数读取PCI配置空间，并使用“WriteConfigSpace”函数写入PCI配置空间。将“BAR_INDEX”设置为要读取或写入的基址寄存器（BAR）的索引。