RabbitMQ如何做一个延迟消息
时间: 2024-02-27 07:48:34 浏览: 223
RabbitMQ延迟队列及消息延迟推送实现详解
RabbitMQ可以通过安装延迟消息插件来实现延迟消息的功能。以下是安装和使用延迟消息插件的步骤:
1. 下载延迟消息插件,可以从GitHub上下载最新版本的插件,例如:
```shell
wget https://github.com/rabbitmq/rabbitmq-delayed-message-exchange/releases/download/3.10.2/rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange-3.10.2.ez
```
2. 将下载的插件文件复制到RabbitMQ的插件目录中,例如:
```shell
cp rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange-3.10.2.ez /usr/lib/rabbitmq/lib/rabbitmq_server-3.8.0/plugins/
```
3. 启用插件,可以使用以下命令启用插件:
```shell
rabbitmq-plugins enable rabbitmq_delayed_message_exchange
```
4. 创建一个延迟消息交换机,可以使用以下命令创建一个延迟消息交换机:
```shell
rabbitmqadmin declare exchange name=delayed_exchange type=x-delayed-message arguments='{"x-delayed-type":"direct"}'
```
5. 发布一个延迟消息,可以使用以下命令发布一个延迟消息:
```shell
rabbitmqadmin publish exchange=delayed_exchange routing_key=delayed_queue payload='{"message":"hello world"}' properties='{"headers":{"x-delay":5000}}'
```
其中,x-delay头部属性指定了延迟时间,单位为毫秒。
6. 消费延迟消息,可以使用普通的消费者来消费延迟消息,例如:
```python
import pika
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(pika.ConnectionParameters('localhost'))
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='delayed_exchange', exchange_type='x-delayed-message', arguments={'x-delayed-type': 'direct'})
result = channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
channel.queue_bind(exchange='delayed_exchange', queue=queue_name, routing_key='delayed_queue')
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print("Received %r" % body)
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
print('Waiting for messages...')
channel.start_consuming()
```
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