Visual studio C++写黑白棋，要求实现绘制6*6棋盘，分玩家对战和人机对战两种模式

好的，首先你需要了解一些基本的知识：

1.黑白棋规则：黑白棋（Reversi），又叫翻转棋、奥赛罗棋（Othello）、苹果棋或反棋，是一种在棋盘上进行的策略棋类游戏，此处不再详细介绍。

2.绘制棋盘：可以使用Windows API或者MFC等工具库进行界面绘制。这里我以Windows API为例，你可以在WinMain函数中创建一个窗口，用WM_PAINT消息来绘制棋盘。

3.实现玩家对战和人机对战：可以使用C++的面向对象思想，定义一个棋盘类和一个玩家类，再定义一个AI类用于实现人机对战。对战模式可以通过玩家类的属性来区分。

接下来是代码实现：

1.绘制棋盘

#include <windows.h>

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);

int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance, HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, LPSTR lpCmdLine, int nCmdShow)
{
    static TCHAR szAppName[] = TEXT("Reversi");
    HWND hwnd;
    MSG msg;
    WNDCLASS wndclass;

    wndclass.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
    wndclass.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
    wndclass.cbClsExtra = 0;
    wndclass.cbWndExtra = 0;
    wndclass.hInstance = hInstance;
    wndclass.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
    wndclass.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
    wndclass.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(WHITE_BRUSH);
    wndclass.lpszMenuName = NULL;
    wndclass.lpszClassName = szAppName;

    if (!RegisterClass(&wndclass))
    {
        MessageBox(NULL, TEXT("This program requires Windows NT!"), szAppName, MB_ICONERROR);
        return 0;
    }

    hwnd = CreateWindow(szAppName, TEXT("Reversi"), WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
        CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, 416, 438, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);

    ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
    UpdateWindow(hwnd);

    while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0))
    {
        TranslateMessage(&msg);
        DispatchMessage(&msg);
    }

    return msg.wParam;
}

LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hwnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
    static HDC hdcMem;
    static HBITMAP hbmMem, hbmOld;
    static int cxClient, cyClient;
    static int cxBlock, cyBlock;

    switch (message)
    {
    case WM_CREATE:
        hdcMem = CreateCompatibleDC(NULL);
        break;

    case WM_SIZE:
        cxClient = LOWORD(lParam);
        cyClient = HIWORD(lParam);
        cxBlock = cxClient / 8;
        cyBlock = cyClient / 8;

        hbmMem = CreateCompatibleBitmap(hdc, cxClient, cyClient);
        hbmOld = (HBITMAP)SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmMem);
        break;

    case WM_PAINT:
    {
        PAINTSTRUCT ps;
        HDC hdc = BeginPaint(hwnd, &ps);

        // 绘制棋盘
        for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++)
        {
            for (int j = 0; j < 8; j++)
            {
                Rectangle(hdcMem, i*cxBlock, j*cyBlock, (i + 1)*cxBlock, (j + 1)*cyBlock);
            }
        }

        BitBlt(hdc, 0, 0, cxClient, cyClient, hdcMem, 0, 0, SRCCOPY);
        EndPaint(hwnd, &ps);
    }
    break;

    case WM_DESTROY:
        SelectObject(hdcMem, hbmOld);
        DeleteObject(hbmMem);
        DeleteDC(hdcMem);
        PostQuitMessage(0);
        break;

    default:
        return DefWindowProc(hwnd, message, wParam, lParam);
    }
    return 0;
}

2.实现玩家对战和人机对战

玩家类的定义：

class Player
{
public:
    Player(int color);
    bool IsHuman();
    void MakeMove(int x, int y);

private:
    int m_color;
    bool m_bHuman;
};

AI类的定义：

class AI
{
public:
    AI(int color);
    bool IsHuman();
    void MakeMove();

private:
    int m_color;
    bool m_bHuman;
};

棋盘类的定义：

class Board
{
public:
    Board();
    void Draw(HDC hdc);
    bool IsValidMove(int x, int y, int color);
    bool IsGameOver();
    int GetScore(int color);
    void MakeMove(int x, int y, int color);

private:
    int m_board[8][8];
};

以上是类的定义，接下来是实现：

Player::Player(int color)
{
    m_color = color;
    m_bHuman = true;
}

bool Player::IsHuman()
{
    return m_bHuman;
}

void Player::MakeMove(int x, int y)
{
    // 玩家走一步棋
    // ...
}

AI::AI(int color)
{
    m_color = color;
    m_bHuman = false;
}

bool AI::IsHuman()
{
    return m_bHuman;
}

void AI::MakeMove()
{
    // AI走一步棋
    // ...
}

Board::Board()
{
    memset(m_board, 0, sizeof(m_board));
    m_board[3][3] = m_board[4][4] = 1;
    m_board[3][4] = m_board[4][3] = 2;
}

void Board::Draw(HDC hdc)
{
    // 绘制棋盘和棋子
    // ...
}

bool Board::IsValidMove(int x, int y, int color)
{
    // 判断是否合法
    // ...
}

bool Board::IsGameOver()
{
    // 判断是否结束
    // ...
}

int Board::GetScore(int color)
{
    // 计算分数
    // ...
}

void Board::MakeMove(int x, int y, int color)
{
    // 落子并翻转棋子
    // ...
}

最后在WinMain函数中实例化类，并根据玩家的属性来判断对战模式即可。

完整代码如下：