import sys import os f1 = open(sys.argv[1],'r') f2 = open(sys.argv[2],'r') fout = open(sys.argv[3],'w') dic1 = {} for line1 in f1: tmp1 = line1.strip().split("\t") Gene_ID = tmp1[0] anno = tmp1[1:] dic1[Gene_ID] = anno dic2 = {} for line2 in f2: tmp2 = line2.strip().split("\t") Gene_ID = tmp2[0] gene_name = tmp2[1] dic2[Gene_ID] = gene_name for key in dic2: if key in dic1: fout.write(key + "\t" + gene_name + "\t" + anno + "\n") else: fout.write(key + "\t" + gene_name + "\t" + "NA" + "\n" ) f1.close() f2.close() fout.close()，修改fout处，实现将dic1的anno添加到dic2的键和值后一列

要将 `dic1` 的 `anno` 添加到 `dic2` 的键和值后一列，可以将 `fout.write()` 函数中的第三个参数改为 `gene_name + "\t" + dic1[key][0] + "\t" + dic1[key][1] + "\t" + dic1[key][2] + "\n"`，假设 `dic1` 中每个键对应的值有三个元素。修改后的代码如下：

import sys 
import os  

f1 = open(sys.argv[1],'r') 
f2 = open(sys.argv[2],'r') 
fout = open(sys.argv[3],'w')  

dic1 = {}
for line1 in f1:
    tmp1 = line1.strip().split("\t")        
    Gene_ID = tmp1[0]        
    anno = tmp1[1:]        
    dic1[Gene_ID] = anno 

dic2 = {}
for line2 in f2:
    tmp2 = line2.strip().split("\t")        
    Gene_ID = tmp2[0]        
    gene_name = tmp2[1]        
    dic2[Gene_ID] = gene_name 

for key in dic2:
    if key in dic1:                
        fout.write(key + "\t" + gene_name + "\t" + dic1[key][0] + "\t" + dic1[key][1] + "\t" + dic1[key][2] + "\n")        
    else:                
        fout.write(key + "\t" + gene_name + "\t" + "NA" + "\n" ) 

f1.close() 
f2.close() 
fout.close()

这样修改后，输出文件的格式为 `Gene_ID gene_name anno[0] anno[1] anno[2]`，其中 `anno[0]`、`anno[1]` 和 `anno[2]` 分别对应 `dic1` 中每个键对应的值的三个元素。