定时关机python

### 使用 Python 实现定时关机功能

对于 Windows 和 Linux 系统，可以分别采用不同的方法来创建一个能够定时关闭计算机的 Python 脚本。

#### 对于 Windows:

在 Windows 上，`os.system()` 函数可用于调用命令行指令 `shutdown /s /t 秒数` 来安排系统的关闭时间。下面是一个简单的例子：

import os
import time


def shutdown_windows(seconds=60):
    """Schedule a shutdown on Windows."""
    # Convert seconds into string format required by command line.
    wait_time = str(int(seconds))
    
    # Call the OS-specific shutdown command with delay argument.
    os.system(f'shutdown /s /t {wait_time}')


if __name__ == "__main__":
    # Set up timer before initiating shutdown process.
    print("Shutting down in one minute...")
    time.sleep(59)  # Sleep for almost a full minute minus one second
    
    # Execute scheduled shutdown.
    shutdown_windows()

此代码将在大约一分钟后触发Windows 的关机流程[^1]。

#### 对于 Linux:

Linux 中同样利用 `os.system()` 或者更推荐的方式是使用 subprocess 模块去执行 shell 命令 `shutdown -h +分钟数`. 下面给出一段适用于大多数基于 Unix 的操作系统的 Python 代码片段：

import subprocess
from datetime import timedelta
from dateutil.parser import parse


def schedule_shutdown_linux(shutdown_in_minutes=1):
    """Schedules a system shutdown at specified minutes from now"""
    current_time = parse(subprocess.check_output(['date']).decode().strip())
    target_time = (current_time + timedelta(minutes=int(shutdown_in_minutes))).strftime('%H:%M')
    
    try:
        result = subprocess.run(
            ['sudo', 'shutdown', '-h', f'+{int(shutdown_in_minutes)}'],
            check=True,
            stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
            stderr=subprocess.STDOUT
        )
        
        message = "Shutdown has been successfully scheduled."
        output = result.stdout.decode('utf-8').splitlines()[-1].replace('\n', '')
        if output != "":
            message += "\nOutput: "+output
        
        return {"status": True, "message": message}
    
    except Exception as e:
        error_msg = str(e).replace("\n", "")
        return {"status": False, "error": f"Failed to schedule shutdown.{error_msg}"}


if __name__ == '__main__':
    response = schedule_shutdown_linux()

    if not response["status"]:
        raise RuntimeError(response['error'])
    else:
        print(response['message'])

这段程序会计算当前时间和目标时间之间的差异，并据此设定关机计划。它还处理了权限提升的需求以及可能发生的异常情况[^3].