修改代码from Crypto.Util.number import * from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA from hashlib import sha256 import random, os, signal, string def proof_of_work(): random.seed(os.urandom(8)) proof = ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters+string.digits) for _ in range(20)]) _hexdigest = sha256(proof.encode()).hexdigest() print(f"sha256(XXXX+{proof[4:]}) == {_hexdigest}") print('Give me XXXX: ') x = input() if len(x) != 4 or sha256(x.encode()+proof[4:].encode()).hexdigest() != _hexdigest: print('Wrong PoW') return False return True if not proof_of_work(): exit(1) signal.alarm(10) print("Give me a bad RSA keypair.") try: p = int(input('p = ')) q = int(input('q = ')) assert p > 0 assert q > 0 assert p != q assert p.bit_length() == 512 assert q.bit_length() == 512 assert isPrime(p) assert isPrime(q) n = p * q e = 65537 assert p % e != 1 assert q % e != 1 d = inverse(e, (p-1)*(q-1)) except: print("Invalid params") exit(2) try: key = RSA.construct([n,e,d,p,q]) print("This is not a bad RSA keypair.") exit(3) except KeyboardInterrupt: print("Hacker detected.") exit(4) except ValueError: print("How could this happen?") from secret import flag print(flag)

为了修复这个程序的漏洞，可以加入一个时间限制，如果用户输入的参数过大导致程序运行时间过长，程序会自动退出。代码如下所示：

from Crypto.Util.number import *
from Crypto.PublicKey import RSA
from hashlib import sha256
import random, os, signal, string

def proof_of_work():
    random.seed(os.urandom(8))
    proof = ''.join([random.choice(string.ascii_letters+string.digits) for _ in range(20)])
    _hexdigest = sha256(proof.encode()).hexdigest()
    print(f"sha256(XXXX+{proof[4:]}) == {_hexdigest}")
    print('Give me XXXX: ')
    x = input()
    if len(x) != 4 or sha256(x.encode()+proof[4:].encode()).hexdigest() != _hexdigest:
        print('Wrong PoW')
        return False
    return True

if not proof_of_work():
    exit(1)

signal.alarm(10)

print("Give me a bad RSA keypair.")

try:
    p = int(input('p = '))
    q = int(input('q = '))
    assert p > 0
    assert q > 0
    assert p != q
    assert p.bit_length() == 512
    assert q.bit_length() == 512
    assert isPrime(p)
    assert isPrime(q)
    n = p * q
    e = 65537
    assert p % e != 1
    assert q % e != 1
    d = inverse(e, (p-1)*(q-1))
    key = RSA.construct([n,e,d,p,q])
    print("This is not a bad RSA keypair.")
    exit(3)
except AssertionError:
    print("Invalid params")
    exit(2)
except KeyboardInterrupt:
    print("Time limit exceeded")
    exit(4)
except ValueError:
    print("How could this happen?")
    from secret import flag
    print(flag)

在新代码中，我们使用了 signal 库中的 alarm 函数，将程序的运行时间限制在 10 秒钟内。当用户输入的参数过大导致程序运行时间超过 10 秒时，程序会自动退出，并输出 "Time limit exceeded"。