windows网络编程udp

对于Windows网络编程中的UDP，你可以使用Socket API来实现。以下是一个简单的示例代码，用于创建一个UDP服务器和一个UDP客户端：

UDP服务器：

#include <iostream>
#include <WinSock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main() {
    // 初始化Winsock
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {
        std::cout << "Failed to initialize winsock" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 创建套接字
    SOCKET serverSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
    if (serverSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        std::cout << "Failed to create server socket" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 绑定套接字到本地地址和端口
    sockaddr_in serverAddress{};
    serverAddress.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddress.sin_addr.s_addr = htonl(INADDR_ANY); // 监听所有网络接口
    serverAddress.sin_port = htons(12345); // 设置监听端口
    if (bind(serverSocket, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&serverAddress), sizeof(serverAddress)) == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        std::cout << "Failed to bind server socket" << std::endl;
        closesocket(serverSocket);
        WSACleanup();
        return 1;
    }

    // 接收数据
    char buffer[1024];
    sockaddr_in clientAddress{};
    int clientAddressSize = sizeof(clientAddress);
    int recvBytes = recvfrom(serverSocket, buffer, sizeof(buffer), 0, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&clientAddress), &clientAddressSize);
    if (recvBytes == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        std::cout << "Failed to receive data" << std::endl;    }
    else {
        std::cout << "Received data from client: " << buffer << std::endl;
    }

    // 关闭套接字和清理资源
    closesocket(serverSocket);
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;
}

UDP客户端：

#include <iostream>
#include <WinSock2.h>

#pragma comment(lib, "ws2_32.lib")

int main() {
    // 初始化Winsock
    WSADATA wsaData;
    if (WSAStartup(MAKEWORD(2, 2), &wsaData) != 0) {
        std::cout << "Failed to initialize winsock" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 创建套接字
    SOCKET clientSocket = socket(AF_INET, SOCK_DGRAM, IPPROTO_UDP);
    if (clientSocket == INVALID_SOCKET) {
        std::cout << "Failed to create client socket" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 设置服务器地址和端口
    sockaddr_in serverAddress{};
    serverAddress.sin_family = AF_INET;
    serverAddress.sin_addr.s_addr = inet_addr("127.0.0.1"); // 设置服务器IP地址（本地环回地址）
    serverAddress.sin_port = htons(12345); // 设置服务器端口

    // 发送数据到服务器
    const char* message = "Hello, server!";
    int sendBytes = sendto(clientSocket, message, strlen(message), 0, reinterpret_cast<sockaddr*>(&serverAddress), sizeof(serverAddress));
    if (sendBytes == SOCKET_ERROR) {
        std::cout << "Failed to send data to server" << std::endl;
    }
    else {
        std::cout << "Sent data to server" << std::endl;
    }

    // 关闭套接字和清理资源
    closesocket(clientSocket);
    WSACleanup();

    return 0;
}

请注意，上述示例代码是使用Winsock库进行编写的，并且需要在链接时添加`ws2_32.lib`库。此外，也要确保你在使用网络编程时有足够的权限。