C语言用结构体编程复数四则运算

在C语言中，可以使用结构体（struct）来创建复数类型，并实现基本的四则运算。首先，我们需要定义一个表示复数的结构体，包含实部（real）和虚部（imaginary）两个成员：

#include <stdio.h>
typedef struct {
    double real;
    double imaginary;
} Complex;

接下来，我们可以为这个结构体定义加法、减法、乘法和除法的运算函数：

Complex add(Complex a, Complex b) {
    Complex result;
    result.real = a.real + b.real;
    result.imaginary = a.imaginary + b.imaginary;
    return result;
}

Complex subtract(Complex a, Complex b) {
    Complex result;
    result.real = a.real - b.real;
    result.imaginary = a.imaginary - b.imaginary;
    return result;
}

Complex multiply(Complex a, Complex b) {
    Complex result;
    result.real = a.real * b.real - a.imaginary * b.imaginary;
    result.imaginary = a.real * b.imaginary + a.imaginary * b.real;
    return result;
}

// 为了处理除法，需要防止除以零的情况
double denominator = sqrt(b.real * b.real + b.imaginary * b.imaginary);
if (denominator == 0) {
    printf("Error: Division by zero.\n");
    return NULL; // 或者返回一个特殊的值
}

Complex divide(Complex a, Complex b) {
    Complex result;
    result.real = (a.real * b.real + a.imaginary * b.imaginary) / denominator;
    result.imaginary = (a.imaginary * b.real - a.real * b.imaginary) / denominator;
    return result;
}

然后你可以像这样使用这些函数进行复数运算：

int main() {
    Complex c1 = {3, 4};
    Complex c2 = {5, 6};

    Complex sum = add(c1, c2);
    Complex diff = subtract(c1, c2);
    Complex prod = multiply(c1, c2);
    Complex quotient;

    if (quotient = divide(c1, c2)) {
        printf("Sum: (%lf, %lf)\n", sum.real, sum.imaginary);
        printf("Difference: (%lf, %lf)\n", diff.real, diff.imaginary);
        printf("Product: (%lf, %lf)\n", prod.real, prod.imaginary);
        printf("Quotient: (%lf, %lf)\n", quotient.real, quotient.imaginary);
    }
    
    return 0;
}