先给出一个数据文件,要求通过实体识别/正则表达式,将文本内容按照 (人名1, 人名2,共同出现次数, 月份 ) (人名,出现次数,月份) (人名,出现次数)进行输出,输出结果为一个csv文件,应如何书写这个python代码
时间: 2024-10-12 15:17:27 浏览: 52
为了实现这个功能,首先你需要安装`nltk`库用于自然语言处理中的命名实体识别(NER),以及`pandas`库来操作CSV文件。如果你还没有安装,可以使用下面的命令:
```bash
pip install nltk pandas
```
接下来,这里是一个简单的Python脚本示例,它使用`nltk`的`ne_chunk`函数进行实体识别,并结合正则表达式提取所需信息。请注意,这个例子假设你已经有了一个包含文本的数据集,并且`nltk`已经下载了相关的模型,如果没有,需要先下载:
```python
import csv
import re
import nltk
from nltk import ne_chunk
from collections import Counter
# 下载必要的nltk数据
nltk.download('punkt')
nltk.download('averaged_perceptron_tagger')
nltk.download('maxent_ne_chunker')
nltk.download('words')
def extract_data(text):
# 分词并标注词性
tagged = nltk.pos_tag(nltk.word_tokenize(text))
# 使用nltk进行命名实体识别
chunked = ne_chunk(tagged)
# 定义模式匹配人名、月份
name_pattern = r"(?P<name>[^,]+)"
month_pattern = r"(?P<month>\b(January|February|March|April|May|June|July|August|September|October|November|December)\b)"
# 提取信息并计数
data = []
for subtree in chunked.subtrees(filter=lambda t: t.label() == 'PERSON'):
entity_text = ' '.join([word[0] for word in subtree.leaves()])
entity_month = re.search(month_pattern, text).group(0) if re.search(month_pattern, text) else ''
data.append((entity_text, '', entity_month))
for entity, _, _ in re.findall(name_pattern, text):
count = sum([1 for _, m in data if m and m == entity])
data.extend([(entity, str(count), m) for _, m in data if m and m != entity])
return data
def write_to_csv(data, output_file):
with open(output_file, mode='w', newline='', encoding='utf-8') as csvfile:
fieldnames = ['person1', 'person2', 'co_occurrence', 'month']
writer = csv.DictWriter(csvfile, fieldnames=fieldnames)
writer.writeheader()
for item in data:
writer.writerow({'person1': item[0], 'person2': item[1], 'co_occurrence': item[2], 'month': item[3]})
# 示例文本
text = "在January, John and Jane met multiple times. In February, only John appeared."
# 提取并写入CSV
data = extract_data(text)
write_to_csv(data, 'output.csv')
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