ubuntu delete files

在Ubuntu系统中删除文件通常有几种方式：

1. **使用鼠标操作**：右键点击文件或文件夹，选择“删除”选项。此时会弹出确认对话框，点击“删除”即可彻底移除文件。

2. **使用命令行**：
- 使用`rm`命令：直接在终端输入`rm [文件名]`（若要删除整个目录及其内容，需加上`-r`标志，如`rm -rf [目录名]`）。记得谨慎操作，因为一旦删除就无法恢复。

3. **回收站功能**：在某些桌面环境中，Ubuntu也提供了一个回收站功能，通过控制台的`trash-cli`命令可以管理。打开回收站的方式可能会因环境而异，通常在系统的废纸篓图标上右键，选择“清空回收站”。

4. **使用文件管理器**：例如Nautilus，选中文件或文件夹，选择菜单栏中的“文件”->“删除”或快捷键Ctrl+Shift+Delete，也可以将文件移动到垃圾箱。

在删除重要文件前，务必备份以防意外丢失，特别是命令行下的删除操作是不可逆的。

相关问题

ubuntu安装prometheus

要在Ubuntu上安装Prometheus，您可以按照以下步骤进行操作：

1.创建Prometheus服务启动配置文件：

cd /etc/init.d/
sudo vim prometheus

2.将以下内容复制到文件中：

#!/bin/bash
# /etc/init.d/prometheus

### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides:          prometheus
# Required-Start:    $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop:     $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start:     2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop:      0 1 6
# Short-Description: Prometheus monitoring system
# Description:       Prometheus is a systems and service monitoring system.
### END INIT INFO

NAME=prometheus
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/bin/prometheus
DAEMON_ARGS="-config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml -storage.local.path=/var/lib/prometheus/ -web.console.templates=/etc/prometheus/consoles -web.console.libraries=/etc/prometheus/console_libraries"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
USER=prometheus
GROUP=prometheus
UMASK=022

# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0

# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh

# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.2-14) to ensure that this file is present
# and status_of_proc is working.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions

#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
        # Return
        #   0 if daemon has been started
        #   1 if daemon was already running
        #   2 if daemon could not be started
        start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
                || return 1
        start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \
                $DAEMON_ARGS \
                || return 2
        # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
        # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
        # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.

}

#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
        # Return
        #   0 if daemon has been stopped
        #   1 if daemon was already stopped
        #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
        #   other if a failure occurred
        start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
        RETVAL="$?"
        [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
        # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
        # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
        # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
        # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
        # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
        # sleep for some time.
        start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
        [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
        # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
        rm -f $PIDFILE
        return "$RETVAL"
}

#
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
#
do_reload() {
        #
        # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
        # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
        # then implement that here.
        #
        start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
        return 0
}

case "$1" in
  start)
        [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $NAME" "$NAME"
        do_start
        case "$?" in
                0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
                2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
        esac
        ;;
  stop)
        [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $NAME" "$NAME"
        do_stop
        case "$?" in
                0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
                2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
        esac
        ;;
  status)
       status_of_proc "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
       ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
        #
        # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
        # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
        #
        #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $NAME" "$NAME"
        #do_reload
        #log_end_msg $?
        #;;
  restart|force-reload)
        #
        # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
        # 'force-reload' alias
        #
        log_daemon_msg "Restarting $NAME" "$NAME"
        do_stop
        case "$?" in
          0|1)
                do_start
                case "$?" in
                        0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
                        1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
                        *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
                esac
                ;;
          *)
                # Failed to stop
                log_end_msg 1
                ;;
        esac
        ;;
  *)
        #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
        echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart|force-reload}" >&2
        exit 3
        ;;
esac

exit 0

3.保存并退出文件。

4.下载最新版本的Prometheus：

wget https://github.com/prometheus/prometheus/releases/download/v2.40.4/prometheus-2.40.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz

5.解压缩下载的文件：

tar -xf prometheus-2.40.4.linux-amd64.tar.gz

6.进入解压缩后的目录：

cd prometheus-2.40.4.linux-amd64

7.启动Prometheus服务：

sudo service prometheus start

8.检查Prometheus服务是否正在运行：

sudo service prometheus status

ubuntu下的expect文件怎么开机自启动

要让一个expect脚本在Ubuntu开机时自动运行，可以使用以下步骤：

1. 将expect脚本复制到 `/etc/init.d/` 目录中。

2. 在 `/etc/init.d/` 目录中创建一个新文件，例如 `myscript`，并将以下内容复制粘贴到文件中：

#!/bin/bash
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: myscript
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $syslog
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $syslog
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: Start myscript at boot time
# Description: Enable service provided by myscript.
### END INIT INFO

# Author: Your Name

# Do NOT "set -e"

# PATH should only include /usr/* if it runs after the mountnfs.sh script
PATH=/usr/sbin:/usr/bin:/sbin:/bin
DESC="Description of the service"
NAME=myscript
DAEMON=/usr/sbin/$NAME
DAEMON_ARGS="--options args"
PIDFILE=/var/run/$NAME.pid
SCRIPTNAME=/etc/init.d/$NAME
# Exit if the package is not installed
[ -x "$DAEMON" ] || exit 0
# Read configuration variable file if it is present
[ -r /etc/default/$NAME ] && . /etc/default/$NAME
# Load the VERBOSE setting and other rcS variables
. /lib/init/vars.sh
# Define LSB log_* functions.
# Depend on lsb-base (>= 3.2-14) to ensure that this file is present.
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
#
# Function that starts the daemon/service
#
do_start()
{
  # Return
  #   0 if daemon has been started
  #   1 if daemon was already running
  #   2 if daemon could not be started
  start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON --test > /dev/null \
    || return 1
  start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --exec $DAEMON -- \
    $DAEMON_ARGS \
    || return 2
  # Add code here, if necessary, that waits for the process to be ready
  # to handle requests from services started subsequently which depend
  # on this one.  As a last resort, sleep for some time.
}
#
# Function that stops the daemon/service
#
do_stop()
{
  # Return
  #   0 if daemon has been stopped
  #   1 if daemon was already stopped
  #   2 if daemon could not be stopped
  #   other if a failure occurred
  start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --retry=TERM/30/KILL/5 --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
  RETVAL="$?"
  [ "$RETVAL" = 2 ] && return 2
  # Wait for children to finish too if this is a daemon that forks
  # and if the daemon is only ever run from this initscript.
  # If the above conditions are not satisfied then add some other code
  # that waits for the process to drop all resources that could be
  # needed by services started subsequently.  A last resort is to
  # sleep for some time.
  start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --oknodo --retry=0/30/KILL/5 --exec $DAEMON
  [ "$?" = 2 ] && return 2
  # Many daemons don't delete their pidfiles when they exit.
  rm -f $PIDFILE
  return "$RETVAL"
}
#
# Function that sends a SIGHUP to the daemon/service
#
do_reload() {
  #
  # If the daemon can reload its configuration without
  # restarting (for example, when it is sent a SIGHUP),
  # then implement that here.
  #
  start-stop-daemon --stop --signal 1 --quiet --pidfile $PIDFILE --name $NAME
  return 0
}
case "$1" in
  start)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Starting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_start
    case "$?" in
      0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
      2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  stop)
    [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_daemon_msg "Stopping $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
      0|1) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 0 ;;
      2) [ "$VERBOSE" != no ] && log_end_msg 1 ;;
    esac
    ;;
  status)
    status_of_proc "$DAEMON" "$NAME" && exit 0 || exit $?
    ;;
  #reload|force-reload)
    #
    # If do_reload() is not implemented then leave this commented out
    # and leave 'force-reload' as an alias for 'restart'.
    #
    #log_daemon_msg "Reloading $DESC" "$NAME"
    #do_reload
    #log_end_msg $?
    #;;
  restart|force-reload)
    #
    # If the "reload" option is implemented then remove the
    # 'force-reload' alias
    #
    log_daemon_msg "Restarting $DESC" "$NAME"
    do_stop
    case "$?" in
      0|1)
        do_start
        case "$?" in
          0) log_end_msg 0 ;;
          1) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Old process is still running
          *) log_end_msg 1 ;; # Failed to start
        esac
        ;;
      *)
        # Failed to stop
        log_end_msg 1
        ;;
    esac
    ;;
  *)
    #echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload}" >&2
    echo "Usage: $SCRIPTNAME {start|stop|status|restart|force-reload}" >&2
    exit 3
    ;;
esac

exit 0

3. 修改以下变量的值：

- `DESC` - 服务的描述
- `NAME` - expect脚本的名称
- `DAEMON` - expect脚本的路径
- `DAEMON_ARGS` - 如果需要的话，可以指定expect脚本的参数

4. 保存并关闭文件。

5. 运行以下命令来设置脚本文件的权限：

sudo chmod +x /etc/init.d/myscript

6. 运行以下命令来将脚本文件添加到启动序列中：

sudo update-rc.d myscript defaults

现在，expect脚本应该在Ubuntu开机时自动启动了。