AESRSA混合加密java

AESRSA混合加密是一种常见的加密方式，它结合了AES（对称加密）和RSA（非对称加密）两种加密算法。下面是一个Java示例代码，演示如何使用AESRSA混合加密：

import javax.crypto.*;
import javax.crypto.spec.IvParameterSpec;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import java.security.KeyPair;
import java.security.KeyPairGenerator;
import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException;
import java.security.PrivateKey;
import java.security.PublicKey;

public class AESRSACipher {
    private static final String AES_ALGORITHM = "AES/CBC/PKCS5Padding";
    private static final String RSA_ALGORITHM = "RSA";

    // 生成RSA公私钥对
    public static KeyPair generateRSAKeyPair() throws NoSuchAlgorithmException {
        KeyPairGenerator keyPairGenerator = KeyPairGenerator.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        keyPairGenerator.initialize(2048); // 设置RSA密钥长度为2048位
        return keyPairGenerator.generateKeyPair();
    }

    // 使用AES加密明文，并返回加密后的密文和IV
    public static byte[][] encryptAES(byte[] plaintext, SecretKeySpec key) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, key);
        AlgorithmParameters params = cipher.getParameters();
        byte[] iv = params.getParameterSpec(IvParameterSpec.class).getIV();
        byte[] ciphertext = cipher.doFinal(plaintext);
        return new byte[][] { ciphertext, iv };
    }

    // 使用RSA公钥加密AES密钥，并返回加密后的密文
    public static byte[] encryptRSA(byte[] keyBytes, PublicKey publicKey) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.ENCRYPT_MODE, publicKey);
        byte[] ciphertext = cipher.doFinal(keyBytes);
        return ciphertext;
    }

    // 使用RSA私钥解密AES密钥，并返回解密后的明文
    public static byte[] decryptRSA(byte[] keyBytes, PrivateKey privateKey) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(RSA_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, privateKey);
        byte[] plaintext = cipher.doFinal(keyBytes);
        return plaintext;
    }

    // 使用AES解密密文，并返回解密后的明文
    public static byte[] decryptAES(byte[] ciphertext, byte[] iv, SecretKeySpec key) throws Exception {
        Cipher cipher = Cipher.getInstance(AES_ALGORITHM);
        cipher.init(Cipher.DECRYPT_MODE, key, new IvParameterSpec(iv));
        byte[] plaintext = cipher.doFinal(ciphertext);
        return plaintext;
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
        // 生成RSA公私钥对
        KeyPair keyPair = generateRSAKeyPair();
        PublicKey publicKey = keyPair.getPublic();
        PrivateKey privateKey = keyPair.getPrivate();

        // 准备待加密的数据和密钥
        String plaintext = "Hello, world!";
        byte[] aesKeyBytes = new byte[16]; // AES密钥长度为128位
        SecretKeySpec aesKey = new SecretKeySpec(aesKeyBytes, "AES");

        // 使用AES加密明文，并返回加密后的密文和IV
        byte[][] aesCiphertextAndIV = encryptAES(plaintext.getBytes(), aesKey);
        byte[] aesCiphertext = aesCiphertextAndIV[0];
        byte[] iv = aesCiphertextAndIV[1];

        // 使用RSA公钥加密AES密钥，并返回加密后的密文
        byte[] rsaCiphertext = encryptRSA(aesKeyBytes, publicKey);

        // 使用RSA私钥解密AES密钥，并返回解密后的明文
        byte[] aesKeyBytesDecrypted = decryptRSA(rsaCiphertext, privateKey);
        SecretKeySpec aesKeyDecrypted = new SecretKeySpec(aesKeyBytesDecrypted, "AES");

        // 使用AES解密密文，并返回解密后的明文
        byte[] plaintextDecrypted = decryptAES(aesCiphertext, iv, aesKeyDecrypted);
        System.out.println(new String(plaintextDecrypted)); // 输出明文
    }
}

上述代码中，我们首先生成了RSA公私钥对。接着，我们使用AES加密明文，并使用RSA公钥加密AES密钥，将加密后的AES密钥与密文一起发送给接收方。接收方使用RSA私钥解密AES密钥，再使用AES解密密文，从而得到明文。