4、使用Python语言开发一个简单的学生管理系统。运用该学生管理系统编辑学生的信息,适时更新学生的资料。例如,新生入校,要在学生管理系统中录入刚入校的学生信息。请实现一个学生管理系统,要求如下。 (1)使用

Python语言开发。 (2)实现添加学生信息、查询学生信息、修改学生信息、删除学生信息等基本功能。 (3)学生信息至少包括学号、姓名、年龄、性别、班级等基本信息。 (4)学生信息应当能够以文件的形式进行保存和读取。

这里提供一个基本的学生管理系统的代码示例：

import os

class Student:
    def __init__(self, id, name, age, gender, class_name):
        self.id = id
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.gender = gender
        self.class_name = class_name

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.id} {self.name} {self.age} {self.gender} {self.class_name}"

class StudentManager:
    def __init__(self):
        self.students = []

    def add_student(self, student):
        self.students.append(student)

    def remove_student(self, student_id):
        for student in self.students:
            if student.id == student_id:
                self.students.remove(student)
                return True
        return False

    def get_student(self, student_id):
        for student in self.students:
            if student.id == student_id:
                return student
        return None

    def get_all_students(self):
        return self.students

    def save_to_file(self, file_path):
        with open(file_path, "w") as f:
            for student in self.students:
                f.write(str(student) + "\n")

    def read_from_file(self, file_path):
        if not os.path.exists(file_path):
            return

        with open(file_path, "r") as f:
            lines = f.readlines()
            for line in lines:
                parts = line.strip().split()
                student = Student(parts[0], parts[1], parts[2], parts[3], parts[4])
                self.add_student(student)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    manager = StudentManager()
    manager.read_from_file("students.txt")

    while True:
        print("1. 添加学生")
        print("2. 查询学生")
        print("3. 修改学生")
        print("4. 删除学生")
        print("5. 显示所有学生")
        print("6. 退出")
        choice = input("请选择操作：")

        if choice == "1":
            id = input("请输入学号：")
            name = input("请输入姓名：")
            age = input("请输入年龄：")
            gender = input("请输入性别：")
            class_name = input("请输入班级：")
            student = Student(id, name, age, gender, class_name)
            manager.add_student(student)
            manager.save_to_file("students.txt")
        elif choice == "2":
            id = input("请输入学号：")
            student = manager.get_student(id)
            if student is not None:
                print(student)
            else:
                print("学生不存在")
        elif choice == "3":
            id = input("请输入学号：")
            student = manager.get_student(id)
            if student is not None:
                name = input("请输入姓名：")
                age = input("请输入年龄：")
                gender = input("请输入性别：")
                class_name = input("请输入班级：")
                student.name = name
                student.age = age
                student.gender = gender
                student.class_name = class_name
                manager.save_to_file("students.txt")
            else:
                print("学生不存在")
        elif choice == "4":
            id = input("请输入学号：")
            if manager.remove_student(id):
                manager.save_to_file("students.txt")
                print("删除成功")
            else:
                print("学生不存在")
        elif choice == "5":
            students = manager.get_all_students()
            for student in students:
                print(student)
        elif choice == "6":
            break
        else:
            print("无效的操作")

其中，`Student`类表示一个学生，包含学号、姓名、年龄、性别、班级等属性。`StudentManager`类表示学生管理器，包含添加、删除、查询、修改等基本操作。学生信息可以以文件的形式进行保存和读取。在主函数中，使用循环来实现菜单式的操作界面，根据用户输入的选择执行相应的操作。