假设现在你正在尝试复制文件setup.sh到/etc/yum目录下，则你需要获得的权限是setup.sh文件的_________权限（rwx中选一个填入） - CSDN文库

假设现在我正在尝试复制文件setup.sh到/etc/yum目录下，则我需要获得的权限是setup.sh文件的"写"权限（w）。因为在将文件复制到目标目录时，需要在目标目录中创建一个新文件，而这需要目标目录的写权限。需要注意的是，复制文件还需要源文件的读权限。因此，如果setup.sh文件的权限设置为-rwxr-xr-x，则可以复制到/etc/yum目录下。

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脚本部署Openstack 某企业拟使用OpenStack搭建一个企业云平台，以实现资源池化弹性管理、企业应用集中管理、统一安全认证和授权等管理。规划：云服务器1 主机名Controller: 接口eth33IP地址192.168.100.10/24,仅主机模式接口eth34IP地址保持默认,NAT模式云服务器2 主机名Compute 接口eth33IP地址192.168.100.20/24,仅主机模式接口eth34IP地址保持默认,NAT模式本实验使用到三个网段： 192.168.100.0/24，Openstack管理网络，Vmware仅主机模式 192.168.200.0/24，Openstack数据网络，云主机外部网络，VmwareNAT模式 10.0.0.0/24，云主机内部网络使用两台主机部署出Openstack平台，要求云平台能够正常创建出云主机并正常通信。

以下是一个简单的脚本部署 OpenStack 的示例，您可以根据自己的实际情况进行修改和调整。本脚本适用于 CentOS 7 系统。 1. 安装必要的软件包： ```bash yum install -y centos-release-openstack-stein yum update -y yum install -y python-openstackclient openstack-selinux mariadb mariadb-server rabbitmq-server memcached python-memcached httpd mod_wsgi python2-PyMySQL ``` 2. 配置 MariaDB 数据库： ```bash systemctl enable mariadb.service systemctl start mariadb.service # 创建数据库和用户 mysql -u root CREATE DATABASE keystone; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'localhost' IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS'; GRANT ALL PRIVILEGES ON keystone.* TO 'keystone'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'KEYSTONE_DBPASS'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES; QUIT; ``` 3. 配置 RabbitMQ 消息队列： ```bash systemctl enable rabbitmq-server.service systemctl start rabbitmq-server.service rabbitmqctl add_user openstack RABBIT_PASS rabbitmqctl set_permissions openstack ".*" ".*" ".*" ``` 4. 配置 Memcached 缓存： ```bash systemctl enable memcached.service systemctl start memcached.service ``` 5. 配置 Keystone 身份认证服务： ```bash # 修改 /etc/keystone/keystone.conf 文件 [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://keystone:KEYSTONE_DBPASS@controller/keystone [token] provider = fernet # 初始化数据库 su -s /bin/sh -c "keystone-manage db_sync" keystone # 创建 Fernet 密钥 keystone-manage fernet_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone keystone-manage credential_setup --keystone-user keystone --keystone-group keystone # 创建管理员账户和服务 keystone-manage bootstrap --bootstrap-password ADMIN_PASS \ --bootstrap-admin-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \ --bootstrap-internal-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \ --bootstrap-public-url http://controller:5000/v3/ \ --bootstrap-region-id RegionOne # 设置环境变量 export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 # 创建服务和 API 端点 openstack service create --name keystone --description "OpenStack Identity" identity openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity public http://controller:5000/v3/ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity internal http://controller:5000/v3/ openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne identity admin http://controller:5000/v3/ ``` 6. 配置 Glance 镜像服务： ```bash # 修改 /etc/glance/glance-api.conf 和 /etc/glance/glance-registry.conf 文件 [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://glance:GLANCE_DBPASS@controller/glance [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000/v3 auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = glance password = GLANCE_PASS [paste_deploy] flavor = keystone # 初始化数据库 su -s /bin/sh -c "glance-manage db_sync" glance # 设置环境变量 export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 # 创建服务和 API 端点 openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt glance openstack role add --project service --user glance admin openstack service create --name glance --description "OpenStack Image" image openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image public http://controller:9292 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image internal http://controller:9292 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne image admin http://controller:9292 ``` 7. 配置 Nova 计算服务： ```bash # 修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf 文件 [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova [api_database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova_api:NOVA_API_DBPASS@controller/nova_api [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000/v3 auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = nova password = NOVA_PASS [glance] api_servers = http://controller:9292 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp # 初始化数据库 su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage api_db sync" nova_api su -s /bin/sh -c "nova-manage db sync" nova # 设置环境变量 export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 # 创建服务和 API 端点 openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt nova openstack role add --project service --user nova admin openstack service create --name nova --description "OpenStack Compute" compute openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute public http://controller:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute internal http://controller:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne compute admin http://controller:8774/v2.1/%\(tenant_id\)s ``` 8. 配置 Neutron 网络服务： ```bash # 修改 /etc/neutron/neutron.conf 文件 [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://neutron:NEUTRON_DBPASS@controller/neutron [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000/v3 auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = neutron password = NEUTRON_PASS [DEFAULT] core_plugin = ml2 service_plugins = router allow_overlapping_ips = True [ml2] type_drivers = flat,vlan,vxlan tenant_network_types = vxlan mechanism_drivers = linuxbridge,l2population extension_drivers = port_security [ml2_type_flat] flat_networks = provider [ml2_type_vxlan] vni_ranges = 1:1000 [securitygroup] enable_ipset = True [ovs] local_ip = 192.168.100.20 bridge_mappings = provider:br-provider # 初始化数据库 su -s /bin/sh -c "neutron-db-manage --config-file /etc/neutron/neutron.conf --config-file /etc/neutron/plugins/ml2/ml2_conf.ini upgrade head" neutron # 设置环境变量 export OS_USERNAME=admin export OS_PASSWORD=ADMIN_PASS export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=Default export OS_AUTH_URL=http://controller:5000/v3 export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3 # 创建服务和 API 端点 openstack user create --domain default --password-prompt neutron openstack role add --project service --user neutron admin openstack service create --name neutron --description "OpenStack Networking" network openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network public http://controller:9696 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network internal http://controller:9696 openstack endpoint create --region RegionOne network admin http://controller:9696 # 创建网络 openstack network create --share --external --provider-physical-network provider --provider-network-type flat provider openstack subnet create --network provider --allocation-pool start=192.168.200.100,end=192.168.200.200 --dns-nameserver 223.5.5.5 --gateway 192.168.200.1 --subnet-range 192.168.200.0/24 provider # 创建路由器和子网 openstack router create router openstack subnet create --subnet-range 10.0.0.0/24 --network provider --gateway 10.0.0.1 provider_subnet openstack router add subnet router provider_subnet openstack router set --external-gateway provider router ``` 9. 配置 Horizon 控制台： ```bash # 安装 Apache 和 mod_wsgi yum install -y httpd mod_wsgi # 修改 /etc/openstack-dashboard/local_settings 文件 OPENSTACK_HOST = "controller" ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*', ] SESSION_ENGINE = 'django.contrib.sessions.backends.cache' CACHES = { 'default': { 'BACKEND': 'django.core.cache.backends.memcached.MemcachedCache', 'LOCATION': 'controller:11211', } } OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_URL = "http://%s:5000/v3" % OPENSTACK_HOST OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_MULTIDOMAIN_SUPPORT = True OPENSTACK_API_VERSIONS = { "identity": 3, "image": 2, "volume": 2, "network": 2, } OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_DOMAIN = "Default" OPENSTACK_KEYSTONE_DEFAULT_ROLE = "user" # 启动 Apache 服务 systemctl enable httpd.service systemctl start httpd.service ``` 10. 配置 Compute 节点： ```bash # 安装必要的软件包 yum install -y centos-release-openstack-stein yum update -y yum install -y python-openstackclient openstack-selinux qemu-kvm libvirt libguestfs-tools virt-install bridge-utils # 修改 /etc/nova/nova.conf 文件 [database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova:NOVA_DBPASS@controller/nova [api_database] connection = mysql+pymysql://nova_api:NOVA_API_DBPASS@controller/nova_api [DEFAULT] my_ip = 192.168.100.20 use_neutron = True firewall_driver = nova.virt.firewall.NoopFirewallDriver [vnc] enabled = True server_listen = 0.0.0.0 server_proxyclient_address = $my_ip novncproxy_base_url = http://controller:6080/vnc_auto.html [glance] api_servers = http://controller:9292 [oslo_concurrency] lock_path = /var/lib/nova/tmp [neutron] url = http://controller:9696 auth_url = http://controller:5000 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default region_name = RegionOne project_name = service username = neutron password = NEUTRON_PASS [libvirt] virt_type = qemu [keystone_authtoken] auth_uri = http://controller:5000/v3 auth_url = http://controller:5000/v3 memcached_servers = controller:11211 auth_type = password project_domain_name = Default user_domain_name = Default project_name = service username = nova password = NOVA_PASS # 启动服务 systemctl enable libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service systemctl start libvirtd.service openstack-nova-compute.service ``` 11. 完成以上步骤后，您应该能够正常创建云主机，并能够通过网络正常访问它们。

ROS1在CentOS系统下能用吗

是的，ROS（Robot Operating System）1可以在CentOS系统下使用。ROS 1支持多个操作系统，包括CentOS、Ubuntu等。要在CentOS系统下安装ROS 1，请按照以下步骤进行操作： 1. 首先，确保您的CentOS系统已经安装了必要的依赖项。您可以使用以下命令安装这些依赖项： ``` sudo yum install curl gnupg2 lsb-release ``` 2. 添加ROS软件仓库的密钥。执行以下命令导入密钥： ``` curl -sSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ros/rosdistro/master/ros.asc | sudo apt-key add - ``` 3. 添加ROS软件仓库到yum源列表。执行以下命令： ``` sudo sh -c 'echo "deb http://packages.ros.org/ros/ubuntu $(lsb_release -sc) main" > /etc/apt/sources.list.d/ros-latest.list' ``` 4. 更新软件包列表： ``` sudo yum update ``` 5. 安装ROS 1。执行以下命令： ``` sudo yum install ros-melodic-desktop-full ``` 6. 初始化ROS环境变量。执行以下命令： ``` source /opt/ros/melodic/setup.bash ``` 7. 可以将上述命令添加到`.bashrc`文件中，以便每次启动终端时自动设置ROS环境变量。现在，您已经成功在CentOS系统下安装了ROS 1。您可以开始使用ROS命令和功能进行机器人开发和实验。

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