UnicodeDecodeError: 'utf-8' codec can't decode bytes in position 0-1: invalid continuation byte

This error occurs when Python attempts to decode a byte string using the UTF-8 codec, but encounters a byte sequence that is not a valid continuation byte.

The most common cause of this error is attempting to decode a string that is not encoded in UTF-8. Other common causes include:

- Reading a file that is not encoded in UTF-8.
- Passing a byte string to a function that expects a Unicode string.
- Mixing byte strings and Unicode strings in the same operation.

To fix this error, you need to determine the correct encoding of the string or file and use the appropriate codec to decode it. You can try using other codecs such as ISO-8859-1, ASCII or UTF-16, depending on the encoding of the input. You can also try to find the source of the problem, such as a file with the wrong encoding, and correct it.