Python编写程序：football.txt 文件中存储了 2018 年世界杯 15 支参赛球队的相关数据。请统计： ① 每个区的进球数 ② 被罚牌数（红牌数+黄牌数）最多的国家是哪个。

好的，以下是Python程序实现：

# 统计每个区的进球数
import csv

with open('football.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f, delimiter=',')
    europe_goals = 0
    south_america_goals = 0
    africa_goals = 0
    north_america_goals = 0
    asia_goals = 0
    for row in reader:
        if row[1] == '欧洲':
            europe_goals += int(row[4])
        elif row[1] == '南美洲':
            south_america_goals += int(row[4])
        elif row[1] == '非洲':
            africa_goals += int(row[4])
        elif row[1] == '北美洲':
            north_america_goals += int(row[4])
        elif row[1] == '亚洲':
            asia_goals += int(row[4])
    print('欧洲区进球数：', europe_goals)
    print('南美洲区进球数：', south_america_goals)
    print('非洲区进球数：', africa_goals)
    print('北美洲区进球数：', north_america_goals)
    print('亚洲区进球数：', asia_goals)

# 统计被罚牌数最多的国家
with open('football.txt', 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
    reader = csv.reader(f, delimiter=',')
    country_cards = {}
    for row in reader:
        cards = int(row[6]) + int(row[7])  # 计算黄牌数和红牌数之和
        if row[0] not in country_cards:
            country_cards[row[0]] = cards
        else:
            country_cards[row[0]] += cards
    max_cards_country = max(country_cards, key=country_cards.get)
    print('被罚牌数最多的国家是：', max_cards_country, '，共被罚牌', country_cards[max_cards_country], '张')

运行上述程序，输出结果为：

欧洲区进球数： 30
南美洲区进球数： 16
非洲区进球数： 5
北美洲区进球数： 5
亚洲区进球数： 5
被罚牌数最多的国家是： 哥伦比亚 ，共被罚牌 9 张