spark 写mysql 设置主键_upsert在mysql中的实现(附spark应用)
时间: 2023-11-14 11:09:10 浏览: 329
在Spark中,可以通过JDBC连接MySQL数据库并使用`upsert`语句来执行插入或更新操作。具体实现如下:
1. 导入必要的依赖:
```xml
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.23</version>
</dependency>
```
2. 创建一个`DataFrame`,并指定`DataFrame`的schema。假设需要将数据插入到名为`users`的MySQL表中,表结构如下:
```sql
CREATE TABLE users (
id INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
name VARCHAR(100),
age INT,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
);
```
则可以定义如下的schema:
```scala
import org.apache.spark.sql.types._
val schema = StructType(Seq(
StructField("name", StringType),
StructField("age", IntegerType)
))
```
3. 读取数据并将其转换为`DataFrame`:
```scala
val rdd = sc.parallelize(Seq(
("Alice", 25),
("Bob", 30),
("Charlie", 35)
))
val df = spark.createDataFrame(rdd).toDF("name", "age")
```
4. 将`DataFrame`写入到MySQL表中:
```scala
val url = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mydb"
val user = "username"
val password = "password"
df.write
.format("jdbc")
.option("url", url)
.option("dbtable", "users")
.option("user", user)
.option("password", password)
.option("driver", "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("batchsize", "10000")
.mode("append")
.save()
```
在上述代码中,`url`用于指定MySQL数据库的连接地址,`user`和`password`用于指定数据库的用户名和密码,`dbtable`用于指定要写入的表名,`driver`用于指定MySQL的JDBC驱动程序。
`rewriteBatchedStatements`和`batchsize`用于优化写入性能。`rewriteBatchedStatements`设置为`true`时,表示使用批量写入模式,可以提高写入性能。`batchsize`用于指定每批次写入的记录数。
5. 如果需要执行`upsert`操作,则可以使用MySQL的`REPLACE INTO`语句或`ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE`语句。例如,如果需要根据`name`字段更新记录,则可以使用如下的SQL语句:
```sql
INSERT INTO users (name, age) VALUES (?, ?)
ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE age=VALUES(age)
```
在Spark中,可以通过以下方式执行`upsert`操作:
```scala
df.write
.format("jdbc")
.option("url", url)
.option("dbtable", "users")
.option("user", user)
.option("password", password)
.option("driver", "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("batchsize", "10000")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.option("rewriteBatchedStatements", "true")
.mode("append")
.jdbc(url, "users", prop)
```
在上述代码中,`prop`是一个包含`user`和`password`属性的`java.util.Properties`对象。
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