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The curly braces {} in Java are used to define a block of code or a statement. They are commonly used in loops, conditional statements, and method bodies.

For example, in a for loop, the curly braces are used to define the code that will be executed in each iteration:

for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) {
    // code to be executed in each iteration
}

In a conditional statement, the curly braces are used to define the code that will be executed if the condition is true:

if (x > 0) {
    // code to be executed if x is greater than 0
} else {
    // code to be executed if x is less than or equal to 0
}

In a method body, the curly braces are used to define the code that will be executed when the method is called:

public void myMethod() {
    // code to be executed when myMethod is called
}