Python代码进行实现

在Python中，我们可以使用内置的`pow()`函数或者第三方库如`cryptography`来进行RSA加密和解密。这里是一个基本的示例，展示了如何使用`cryptography`库来实现RSA加密和解密过程：

from cryptography.hazmat.primitives import serialization
from cryptography.hazmat.primitives.asymmetric import rsa
from cryptography.hazmat.backends import default_backend

# 生成公钥和私钥
private_key = rsa.generate_private_key(
    public_exponent=65537,
    key_size=2048,
    backend=default_backend()
)
public_key = private_key.public_key()

# 将公钥和私钥保存为PEM格式文件（假设已知M的ASCII值）
message_ascii = "60"  # M的ASCII值
message_int = int(message_ascii, 2)  # 转换为整数
encrypted_message = pow(message_int, public_key.public_numbers().e, public_key.public_numbers().n)
public_key_pem = public_key.public_bytes(
    encoding=serialization.Encoding.PEM,
    format=serialization.PublicFormat.SubjectPublicKeyInfo
)

with open("public.pem", "wb") as f:
    f.write(public_key_pem)

# 加密示例
def encrypt_rsa(message_int, public_key):
    return pow(message_int, public_key.e, public_key.n)

# 假设已经从文件中加载了私钥
with open("private.pem", "rb") as f:
    private_key_pem = f.read()
private_key = serialization.load_pem_private_key(private_key_pem, password=None, backend=default_backend())

# 解密示例
def decrypt_rsa(ciphertext, private_key):
    return pow(ciphertext, private_key.d, private_key.public_numbers().n)

decrypted_message_int = decrypt_rsa(encrypted_message, private_key)
decrypted_message_ascii = hex(decrypted_message_int)[2:]  # 回到二进制并转换为ASCII

print(f"Original message: {message_ascii}")
print(f"Encrypted message: {hex(encrypted_message)}")
print(f"Decrypted message: {decrypted_message_ascii}")