图书管理系统c语言教学

基于提供的引用内容，我们可以通过C语言实现一个简单的图书管理系统。下面是一个简单的实现方法：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_BOOKS 100 // 最大书籍数量

// 书籍结构体
typedef struct {
    char id[20]; // 书籍编号
    char name[50]; // 书籍名称
    char category[20]; // 书籍类别
    int stock; // 库存数量
    int borrowed; // 已借出数量
} Book;

// 书籍数组
Book books[MAX_BOOKS];

// 当前书籍数量
int bookCount = 0;

// 添加书籍
void addBook() {
    if (bookCount >= MAX_BOOKS) {
        printf("已达到最大书籍数量，无法添加！\n");
        return;
    }
    Book book;
    printf("请输入书籍编号：");
    scanf("%s", book.id);
    printf("请输入书籍名称：");
    scanf("%s", book.name);
    printf("请输入书籍类别：");
    scanf("%s", book.category);
    printf("请输入库存数量：");
    scanf("%d", &book.stock);
    printf("请输入已借出数量：");
    scanf("%d", &book.borrowed);
    books[bookCount++] = book;    printf("添加成功！\n");
}

// 删除书籍
void deleteBook() {
    char id[20];
    printf("请输入要删除的书籍编号：");
    scanf("%s", id);
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        if (strcmp(books[i].id, id) == 0) {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (index == -1) {
        printf("未找到该书籍！\n");
        return;
    }
    for (int i = index; i < bookCount - 1; i++) {
        books[i] = books[i + 1];
    }
    bookCount--;
    printf("删除成功！\n");
}

// 查找书籍
void searchBook() {
    char id[20];
    printf("请输入要查找的书籍编号：");
    scanf("%s", id);
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        if (strcmp(books[i].id, id) == 0) {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (index == -1) {
        printf("未找到该书籍！\n");
        return;
    }
    printf("书籍编号：%s\n", books[index].id);
    printf("书籍名称：%s\n", books[index].name);
    printf("书籍类别：%s\n", books[index].category);
    printf("库存数量：%d\n", books[index].stock);
    printf("已借出数量：%d\n", books[index].borrowed);
}

// 显示所有书籍
void showAllBooks() {
    printf("书籍编号\t书籍名称\t书籍类别\t库存数量\t已借出数量\n");
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        printf("%s\t%s\t%s\t%d\t%d\n", books[i].id, books[i].name, books[i].category, books[i].stock, books[i].borrowed);
    }
}

// 借书
void borrowBook() {
    char id[20];
    printf("请输入要借阅的书籍编号：");
    scanf("%s", id);
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        if (strcmp(books[i].id, id) == 0) {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (index == -1) {
        printf("未找到该书籍！\n");
        return;
    }
    if (books[index].stock <= 0) {
        printf("该书籍库存不足，无法借阅！\n");
        return;
    }
    books[index].stock--;
    books[index].borrowed++;
    printf("借阅成功！\n");
}

// 还书
void returnBook() {
    char id[20];
    printf("请输入要归还的书籍编号：");
    scanf("%s", id);
    int index = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        if (strcmp(books[i].id, id) == 0) {
            index = i;
            break;
        }
    }
    if (index == -1) {
        printf("未找到该书籍！\n");
        return;
    }
    if (books[index].borrowed <= 0) {
        printf("该书籍已全部归还，无需操作！\n");
        return;
    }
    books[index].stock++;
    books[index].borrowed--;
    printf("归还成功！\n");
}

// 保存书籍到文件
void saveBooksToFile() {
    FILE *fp = fopen("books.txt", "w");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("文件打开失败！\n");
        return;
    }
    for (int i = 0; i < bookCount; i++) {
        fprintf(fp, "%s %s %s %d %d\n", books[i].id, books[i].name, books[i].category, books[i].stock, books[i].borrowed);
    }
    fclose(fp);
    printf("保存成功！\n");
}

// 从文件中读取书籍
void loadBooksFromFile() {
    FILE *fp = fopen("books.txt", "r");
    if (fp == NULL) {
        printf("文件打开失败！\n");
        return;
    }
    while (!feof(fp)) {
        Book book;
        fscanf(fp, "%s %s %s %d %d\n", book.id, book.name, book.category, &book.stock, &book.borrowed);
        if (strlen(book.id) > 0) {
            books[bookCount++] = book;
        }
    }
    fclose(fp);
    printf("读取成功！\n");
}

int main() {
    int choice;
    loadBooksFromFile();
    while (1) {
        printf("请选择操作：\n");
        printf("1.添加书籍\n");
        printf("2.删除书籍\n");
        printf("3.查找书籍\n");
        printf("4.显示所有书籍\n");
        printf("5.借阅书籍\n");
        printf("6.归还书籍\n");
        printf("7.保存书籍到文件\n");
        printf("0.退出\n");
        scanf("%d", &choice);
        switch (choice) {
            case 1:
                addBook();
                break;
            case 2:
                deleteBook();
                break;
            case 3:
                searchBook();
                break;
            case 4:
                showAllBooks();
                break;
            case 5:
                borrowBook();
                break;
            case 6:
                returnBook();
                break;
            case 7:
                saveBooksToFile();
                break;
            case 0:
                saveBooksToFile();
                printf("谢谢使用！\n");
                return 0;
            default:
                printf("无效的选择！\n");
                break;
        }
    }
    return 0;
}