学生成绩管理系统课程设计

学生成绩管理系统是一种常见的课程设计，其主要功能是对学生的基本信息和成绩信息进行管理。下面是该系统的主要功能和实现方法：

1. 学生信息管理
可以通过文件的方式存储学生的基本信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、年龄等。可以实现增加、删除、修改和查询学生信息的功能。

2. 学生成绩管理
可以通过文件的方式存储学生成绩信息，包括学号、姓名、课程名称、成绩等。可以实现增加、删除、修改和查询学生成绩的功能。同时，可以按照学生或课程进行成绩的统计和排名。

3. 查询功能
可以实现按照学号、姓名、课程名称等条件进行查询，同时可以按照成绩进行排序和排名。

4. 不及格学生查询
可以实现查询有两门及以上不及格课程的学生信息和成绩。

下面是一个简单的C语言实现示例：

#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>

#define MAX_STUDENT_NUM 100
#define MAX_COURSE_NUM 5

typedef struct {
    char id[20];
    char name[20];
    char sex[10];
    int age;
} Student;

typedef struct {
    char name[20];
    float score[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];
} Course;

typedef struct {
    Student student[MAX_STUDENT_NUM];
    Course course[MAX_COURSE_NUM];
    float score[MAX_STUDENT_NUM][MAX_COURSE_NUM];
    int student_num;
    int course_num;
} ScoreManagementSystem;

void init(ScoreManagementSystem *sms) {
    sms->student_num = 0;
    sms->course_num = 0;
    memset(sms->score, 0, sizeof(sms->score));
}

void add_student(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, Student student) {
    if (sms->student_num >= MAX_STUDENT_NUM) {
        printf("The number of students has reached the maximum!\n");
        return;
    }
    sms->student[sms->student_num++] = student;
}

void delete_student(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            for (j = i; j < sms->student_num - 1; j++) {
                sms->student[j] = sms->student[j + 1];
            }
            sms->student_num--;
            break;
        }
    }
}

void modify_student(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id, Student student) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            sms->student[i] = student;
            break;
        }
    }
}

void query_student(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            printf("id: %s, name: %s, sex: %s, age: %d\n", sms->student[i].id, sms->student[i].name, sms->student[i].sex, sms->student[i].age);
            break;
        }
    }
}

void add_course(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, Course course) {
    if (sms->course_num >= MAX_COURSE_NUM) {
        printf("The number of courses has reached the maximum!\n");
        return;
    }
    sms->course[sms->course_num++] = course;
}

void delete_course(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *name) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->course_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->course[i].name, name) == 0) {
            for (j = i; j < sms->course_num - 1; j++) {
                sms->course[j] = sms->course[j + 1];
            }
            sms->course_num--;
            break;
        }
    }
}

void modify_course(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *name, Course course) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->course_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->course[i].name, name) == 0) {
            sms->course[i] = course;
            break;
        }
    }
}

void query_course(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *name) {
    int i;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->course_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->course[i].name, name) == 0) {
            printf("name: %s\n", sms->course[i].name);
            int j;
            for (j = 0; j < sms->student_num; j++) {
                printf("id: %s, name: %s, score: %f\n", sms->student[j].id, sms->student[j].name, sms->score[j][i]);
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}

void add_score(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id, char *name, float score) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
                if (strcmp(sms->course[j].name, name) == 0) {
                    sms->score[i][j] = score;
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}

void delete_score(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id, char *name) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
                if (strcmp(sms->course[j].name, name) == 0) {
                    sms->score[i][j] = 0;
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}

void modify_score(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id, char *name, float score) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
                if (strcmp(sms->course[j].name, name) == 0) {
                    sms->score[i][j] = score;
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}

void query_score(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id, char *name) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
                if (strcmp(sms->course[j].name, name) == 0) {
                    printf("id: %s, name: %s, score: %f\n", sms->student[i].id, sms->student[i].name, sms->score[i][j]);
                    break;
                }
            }
            break;
        }
    }
}

void average_score_by_student(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *id) {
    int i, j;
    float sum = 0;
    int count = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->student[i].id, id) == 0) {
            for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
                sum += sms->score[i][j];
                count++;
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    printf("average score of student %s is %f\n", id, sum / count);
}

void average_score_by_course(ScoreManagementSystem *sms, char *name) {
    int i, j;
    float sum = 0;
    int count = 0;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->course_num; i++) {
        if (strcmp(sms->course[i].name, name) == 0) {
            for (j = 0; j < sms->student_num; j++) {
                sum += sms->score[j][i];
                count++;
            }
            break;
        }
    }
    printf("average score of course %s is %f\n", name, sum / count);
}

void query_failed_student(ScoreManagementSystem *sms) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < sms->student_num; i++) {
        int count = 0;
        for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
            if (sms->score[i][j] < 60) {
                count++;
            }
        }
        if (count >= 2) {
            printf("id: %s, name: %s\n", sms->student[i].id, sms->student[i].name);
            for (j = 0; j < sms->course_num; j++) {
                printf("%s: %f\n", sms->course[j].name, sms->score[i][j]);
            }
        }
    }
}

int main() {
    ScoreManagementSystem sms;
    init(&sms);

    Student student1 = {"001", "Tom", "male", 18};
    Student student2 = {"002", "Jerry", "male", 19};
    add_student(&sms, student1);
    add_student(&sms, student2);

    Course course1 = {"Math", {0}};
    Course course2 = {"English", {0}};
    add_course(&sms, course1);
    add_course(&sms, course2);

    add_score(&sms, "001", "Math", 80);
    add_score(&sms, "001", "English", 90);
    add_score(&sms, "002", "Math", 70);
    add_score(&sms, "002", "English", 60);

    query_student(&sms, "001");
    query_course(&sms, "Math");
    query_score(&sms, "001", "Math");

    average_score_by_student(&sms, "001");
    average_score_by_course(&sms, "Math");

    query_failed_student(&sms);

    return 0;
}