将上述代码填充完整为为可直接运行代码,以及该N-Queens为4*4的棋盘,最好为Python和C语言代码
时间: 2024-09-19 14:14:17 浏览: 42
Python实现遗传算法求解n-queens问题-内含源码以及设计说明书(可以自己运行复现).zip
首先,我将为你提供一个Python版本的完整N-Queens动画代码,这是一个基于pygame库实现的简单示例,适用于4x4棋盘:
```python
import pygame
import random
# 初始化Pygame
pygame.init()
# 设置棋盘尺寸和颜色
BOARD_SIZE = (600, 600)
CELL_SIZE = BOARD_SIZE[0] // 4
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
# 创建窗口和棋盘表面
screen = pygame.display.set_mode(BOARD_SIZE)
board_surface = pygame.Surface(BOARD_SIZE)
# 回溯解决N-Queens问题
def solve_n_queens(n, board, row=0):
if row == n:
return True
for col in range(n):
if is_safe(board, row, col):
board[row][col] = 1
if solve_n_queens(n, board, row + 1):
return True
board[row][col] = 0
return False
def is_safe(board, row, col):
# 检查上下左右是否冲突
for r in range(row):
if board[r][col]:
return False
for c in range(col):
if board[row][c]:
return False
row_start = max(0, row - col)
row_end = min(len(board) - 1, row + col)
for r in range(row_start, row_end + 1):
if board[r][col]:
return False
return True
def draw_board(board):
for row in range(len(board)):
for col in range(len(board[row])):
if board[row][col]:
pygame.draw.rect(board_surface, BLACK, (col * CELL_SIZE, row * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE))
else:
pygame.draw.rect(board_surface, WHITE, (col * CELL_SIZE, row * CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE, CELL_SIZE))
# 主循环
def main():
board = [[0] * 4 for _ in range(4)]
if not solve_n_queens(4, board):
print("No solution found!")
return
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
return
draw_board(board)
screen.blit(board_surface, (0, 0))
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick(10)
# 启动主程序
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
```
现在,对于C语言版本,由于其图形界面库如SDL或SFML相对复杂,这里给出一个简化的命令行版的N-Queens解决方案,使用标准输入输出来打印棋盘结果:
```c
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#define BOARD_WIDTH 4
#define BOARD_HEIGHT 4
int board[BOARD_WIDTH][BOARD_HEIGHT];
// 判断当前位置是否安全
int is_safe(int row, int col) {
for (int i = 0; i < row; i++) {
if (board[i][col]) return 0;
}
for (int i = 0; i < col; i++) {
if (board[row][i]) return 0;
}
int start = MAX(0, row - col);
int end = MIN(row + col, BOARD_WIDTH - 1);
for (int i = start; i <= end; i++) {
if (board[i][col]) return 0;
}
return 1;
}
// 递归解决N-Queens
void solve_n_queens(int row) {
if (row >= BOARD_WIDTH) {
print_board();
return;
}
for (int col = 0; col < BOARD_WIDTH; col++) {
if (is_safe(row, col)) {
board[row][col] = 1;
solve_n_queens(row + 1);
board[row][col] = 0;
}
}
}
// 打印棋盘
void print_board() {
for (int i = 0; i < BOARD_HEIGHT; i++) {
for (int j = 0; j < BOARD_WIDTH; j++) {
printf("%d ", board[i][j]);
}
printf("\n");
}
printf("\n");
}
int main() {
srand(time(0));
for (int i = 0; i < BOARD_WIDTH; i++) {
board[i][rand() % BOARD_WIDTH] = 1;
}
solve_n_queens(0);
return 0;
}
```
注意:C语言版本没有图形界面,只是一个标准控制台程序,它会在终端上随机生成一个解。如果你想看到C++的图形化版本,可以考虑使用像GLFW这样的库。
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