c++api串口编程源代码实例

在C++中，通过API进行串口编程通常涉及到硬件相关的库，如`windows.h` (Windows平台) 或 `termios.h` (Unix/Linux平台)。这里是一个简单的Windows C++串口通信的例子，使用了`Win32 API`：

#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>

#pragma comment(lib, "winmm.lib") // 需要包含音频库来避免链接错误

#define SERIAL_PORT_NAME L"COM1"
#define BAUD_RATE 9600
#define BYTESIZE 8
#define PARITY_NONE 0
#define STOPBITS_1 0

class SerialPort {
public:
    HANDLE hSerial;
    void open() {
        hSerial = CreateFile(SERIAL_PORT_NAME,
            GENERIC_READ | GENERIC_WRITE, // 读写权限
            0,                              // 共享访问
            NULL,                           // 使用默认的安全属性
            OPEN_EXISTING,                 // 如果文件存在就打开它
            FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED,           // 提供异步I/O选项
            NULL);                          // 使用默认的模式
        if (hSerial == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
            std::cerr << "Failed to open serial port." << std::endl;
            return;
        }
        DWORD dwBaudRate = CBR_9600; // 设置波特率
        DCB dcb;
        memset(&dcb, 0, sizeof(DCB));
        dcb.DCBlength = sizeof(DCB);
        dcb.BaudRate = dwBaudRate;
        dcb.ByteSize = BYTESIZE;
        dcb.Parity = PARITY_NONE;
        dcb.StopBits = STOPBITS_1;
        if (!SetCommState(hSerial, &dcb)) {
            std::cerr << "Failed to set serial port parameters." << std::endl;
        }
    }

    bool write(const char* data, size_t len) {
        DWORD bytesWritten = 0;
        OVERLAPPED overlapped = {0};
        overlapped.Offset = 0;
        overlapped.OffsetHigh = 0;

        if (!WriteFile(hSerial, data, len, &bytesWritten, &overlapped)) {
            std::cerr << "Failed to write to serial port." << std::endl;
            return false;
        }
        return true;
    }

private:
    ~SerialPort() {
        if (hSerial != INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE) {
            CloseHandle(hSerial);
        }
    }
};

int main() {
    SerialPort sp;
    sp.open();
    if (sp.open()) {
        sp.write("Hello from C++!", 15);
    } else {
        return 1;
    }
    return 0;
}

这个例子创建了一个`SerialPort`类，包含了打开、设置参数和写入数据到串口的功能。注意，在实际应用中，你需要处理可能出现的异常，并使用适当的错误处理机制。