STM32F051C8 DHT11 串口打印PB8，STM32CubeMX生成详细过程以及代码

好的，下面是详细的过程和代码：

1. 打开STM32CubeMX软件，新建一个工程。

2. 选择单片机型号为STM32F051C8，然后在Pinout & Configuration选项卡中对引脚进行配置。将DHT11连接到PB8引脚，将USART1的TX和RX引脚分别连接到PA9和PA10引脚。具体的引脚配置如下图所示：


3. 在Configuration选项卡中，配置USART1的波特率为9600，数据位为8位，停止位为1位。具体的配置如下图所示：


4. 在Project Manager选项卡中，选择生成代码。然后在弹出的对话框中选择使用CubeIDE作为开发环境，并选择要生成的文件类型，最后点击Generate代码按钮。

5. 在CubeIDE中打开生成的工程，然后打开main.c文件。在main函数中添加以下代码：

#include "main.h"
#include "dht11.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

UART_HandleTypeDef huart1;

void SystemClock_Config(void);
static void MX_GPIO_Init(void);
static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void);

int main(void)
{
  HAL_Init();
  SystemClock_Config();
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();

  char buffer[50];

  while (1)
  {
    DHT11_Data_TypeDef data;

    if (DHT11_ReadData(&data) == DHT11_OK)
    {
      sprintf(buffer, "Temperature: %d.%dC, Humidity: %d.%d%%\r\n", 
              data.temperature / 10, data.temperature % 10, 
              data.humidity / 10, data.humidity % 10);
      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)buffer, strlen(buffer), HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    }
    else
    {
      HAL_UART_Transmit(&huart1, (uint8_t *)"Failed to read data from DHT11.\r\n", 34, HAL_MAX_DELAY);
    }

    HAL_Delay(2000);
  }
}

void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                                | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1 | RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_USART1_UART_Init(void)
{
  huart1.Instance = USART1;
  huart1.Init.BaudRate = 9600;
  huart1.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
  huart1.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
  huart1.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
  huart1.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
  huart1.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
  huart1.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;
  if (HAL_UART_Init(&huart1) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

static void MX_GPIO_Init(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  /* GPIO Ports Clock Enable */
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOA_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_RCC_GPIOB_CLK_ENABLE();

  /*Configure GPIO pin : PB8 */
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_8;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStruct);
}

6. 在工程中添加一个名为dht11.h的头文件，并在其中定义以下内容：

#ifndef DHT11_H
#define DHT11_H

#include "main.h"

typedef enum {
  DHT11_OK,
  DHT11_ERROR
} DHT11_Status_TypeDef;

typedef struct {
  uint8_t humidity;
  uint8_t temperature;
} DHT11_Data_TypeDef;

DHT11_Status_TypeDef DHT11_ReadData(DHT11_Data_TypeDef *data);

#endif

7. 在工程中添加一个名为dht11.c的源文件，并在其中实现以下函数：

#include "dht11.h"

#define DHT11_TIMEOUT 10000

static void DHT11_SetPinMode(uint16_t GPIO_Pin, GPIO_InitTypeDef *GPIO_InitStruct)
{
  GPIO_InitStruct->Pin = GPIO_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct->Mode = GPIO_MODE_OUTPUT_PP;
  GPIO_InitStruct->Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
  GPIO_InitStruct->Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, GPIO_InitStruct);
}

static void DHT11_SetPinInputMode(uint16_t GPIO_Pin, GPIO_InitTypeDef *GPIO_InitStruct)
{
  GPIO_InitStruct->Pin = GPIO_Pin;
  GPIO_InitStruct->Mode = GPIO_MODE_INPUT;
  GPIO_InitStruct->Pull = GPIO_PULLUP;
  GPIO_InitStruct->Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_LOW;
  HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOB, GPIO_InitStruct);
}

static DHT11_Status_TypeDef DHT11_Start(void)
{
  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};

  DHT11_SetPinMode(GPIO_PIN_8, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
  HAL_Delay(18);
  HAL_GPIO_WritePin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8, GPIO_PIN_SET);
  HAL_Delay(40);

  DHT11_SetPinInputMode(GPIO_PIN_8, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  uint32_t timeout = DHT11_TIMEOUT;
  while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
  {
    if (timeout-- == 0)
      return DHT11_ERROR;
  }

  timeout = DHT11_TIMEOUT;
  while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8) == GPIO_PIN_SET)
  {
    if (timeout-- == 0)
      return DHT11_ERROR;
  }

  return DHT11_OK;
}

static uint8_t DHT11_ReadByte(void)
{
  uint8_t value = 0;

  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 8; i++)
  {
    uint32_t timeout = DHT11_TIMEOUT;
    while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8) == GPIO_PIN_RESET)
    {
      if (timeout-- == 0)
        return 0;
    }

    HAL_Delay(30);

    if (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8) == GPIO_PIN_SET)
      value |= (1 << (7 - i));

    timeout = DHT11_TIMEOUT;
    while (HAL_GPIO_ReadPin(GPIOB, GPIO_PIN_8) == GPIO_PIN_SET)
    {
      if (timeout-- == 0)
        return 0;
    }
  }

  return value;
}

DHT11_Status_TypeDef DHT11_ReadData(DHT11_Data_TypeDef *data)
{
  uint8_t buffer[5] = {0};

  if (DHT11_Start() != DHT11_OK)
    return DHT11_ERROR;

  for (uint8_t i = 0; i < 5; i++)
    buffer[i] = DHT11_ReadByte();

  if ((buffer[0] + buffer[1] + buffer[2] + buffer[3]) != buffer[4])
    return DHT11_ERROR;

  data->humidity = buffer[0];
  data->temperature = buffer[2];

  return DHT11_OK;
}

8. 编译并下载程序到STM32F051C8单片机中。

这样，当你连接DHT11到PB8引脚，并将串口连接到PA9和PA10引脚后，你就可以通过串口打印出DHT11传感器读取到的温度和湿度值了。