densenet中加入inception模块同时使用动态卷积实现图像四分类代码

以下是使用PyTorch实现在DenseNet中加入Inception模块和使用动态卷积实现图像四分类的示例代码：

import torch
import torch.nn as nn
import torch.nn.functional as F
from torch.autograd import Variable

class DynamicConv2d(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels, kernel_size, stride=1, padding=0, dilation=1, groups=1, bias=True):
        super(DynamicConv2d, self).__init__()
        self.kernel_size = kernel_size
        self.stride = stride
        self.padding = padding
        self.dilation = dilation
        self.groups = groups
        self.bias = bias
        self.weight = nn.Parameter(torch.Tensor(out_channels, in_channels // groups, *kernel_size))
        if bias:
            self.bias = nn.Parameter(torch.Tensor(out_channels))
        else:
            self.register_parameter('bias', None)
        self.reset_parameters()

    def reset_parameters(self):
        nn.init.kaiming_uniform_(self.weight, a=math.sqrt(5))
        if self.bias is not None:
            fan_in, _ = nn.init._calculate_fan_in_and_fan_out(self.weight)
            bound = 1 / math.sqrt(fan_in)
            nn.init.uniform_(self.bias, -bound, bound)

    def forward(self, x):
        weight = F.pad(self.weight, (1, 1, 1, 1), mode='constant', value=0)
        weight = F.avg_pool2d(weight, kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=0)
        weight = F.pad(weight, (1, 1, 1, 1), mode='constant', value=0)
        b, c, h, w = x.size()
        weight = weight.unfold(2, h + 2, self.stride).unfold(3, w + 2, self.stride)
        weight = weight.transpose(4, 5).transpose(3, 4).transpose(2, 3).contiguous()
        weight = weight.view(b, self.groups, -1, self.kernel_size[0], self.kernel_size[1], h // self.stride, w // self.stride)
        weight = weight.transpose(1, 2).contiguous().view(-1, self.groups * self.kernel_size[0] * self.kernel_size[1])
        x = F.conv2d(x, weight.view(-1, self.groups, self.kernel_size[0], self.kernel_size[1]), self.bias, self.stride, self.padding, self.dilation, self.groups)
        return x

class Inception(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, out_channels):
        super(Inception, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels // 4, kernel_size=1)
        self.conv2 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels // 8, kernel_size=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            DynamicConv2d(out_channels // 8, out_channels // 4, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
        )
        self.conv3 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels // 8, kernel_size=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            DynamicConv2d(out_channels // 8, out_channels // 4, kernel_size=5, padding=2),
        )
        self.conv4 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.AvgPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=1, padding=1),
            nn.Conv2d(in_channels, out_channels // 4, kernel_size=1),
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        out1 = self.conv1(x)
        out2 = self.conv2(x)
        out3 = self.conv3(x)
        out4 = self.conv4(x)
        out = torch.cat([out1, out2, out3, out4], dim=1)
        return out

class BasicBlock(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, in_channels, growth_rate):
        super(BasicBlock, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Conv2d(in_channels, growth_rate, kernel_size=1)
        self.conv2 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(growth_rate, 4 * growth_rate, kernel_size=3, padding=1),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
        )

    def forward(self, x):
        out1 = x
        out2 = self.conv1(x)
        out3 = self.conv2(out2)
        out = torch.cat([out1, out3], dim=1)
        return out

class DenseNet(nn.Module):
    def __init__(self, growth_rate=32, block_config=(6, 12, 24, 16), num_classes=4):
        super(DenseNet, self).__init__()
        self.conv1 = nn.Sequential(
            nn.Conv2d(3, 64, kernel_size=7, stride=2, padding=3),
            nn.BatchNorm2d(64),
            nn.ReLU(inplace=True),
            nn.MaxPool2d(kernel_size=3, stride=2, padding=1),
        )
        self.block1 = self._make_block(64, growth_rate, block_config[0])
        self.inception1 = Inception(block_config[0] * growth_rate, block_config[0] * growth_rate)
        self.block2 = self._make_block(block_config[0] * growth_rate * 2, growth_rate, block_config[1])
        self.inception2 = Inception(block_config[1] * growth_rate, block_config[1] * growth_rate)
        self.block3 = self._make_block(block_config[1] * growth_rate * 2, growth_rate, block_config[2])
        self.inception3 = Inception(block_config[2] * growth_rate, block_config[2] * growth_rate)
        self.block4 = self._make_block(block_config[2] * growth_rate * 2, growth_rate, block_config[3])
        self.avgpool = nn.AdaptiveAvgPool2d((1, 1))
        self.fc = nn.Linear(block_config[3] * growth_rate, num_classes)

    def _make_block(self, in_channels, growth_rate, num_blocks):
        layers = []
        for i in range(num_blocks):
            layers.append(BasicBlock(in_channels + i * growth_rate, growth_rate))
        return nn.Sequential(*layers)

    def forward(self, x):
        out = self.conv1(x)
        out = self.block1(out)
        out = self.inception1(out)
        out = self.block2(out)
        out = self.inception2(out)
        out = self.block3(out)
        out = self.inception3(out)
        out = self.block4(out)
        out = self.avgpool(out)
        out = out.view(out.size(0), -1)
        out = self.fc(out)
        return out

在这个示例中，我们使用了以下模块：

- `DynamicConv2d`：动态卷积层，用于替代传统的静态卷积层，可以根据输入特征图的形状动态生成卷积核，减少模型参数量和计算量。
- `Inception`：Inception模块，由多个不同大小的卷积核组成，可以提取不同尺度的特征。
- `BasicBlock`：DenseNet中的基础块，由一个1x1卷积层和一个3x3卷积层组成，可以实现特征复用和特征增强的效果。
- `DenseNet`：完整的DenseNet模型，由多个基础块和Inception模块组成，最后使用全局平均池化和全连接层进行分类。

以上模块的实现可以根据具体需求进行修改，例如可以增加更多的Inception模块或调整DenseNet的深度和宽度等参数。