用Java实现问题描述 住宿学生信息包括：学号、姓名、性别、年龄、班级、用电量、用水量 等信息。教工信息包括职工号、姓名、性别、年龄、工作部门、用电量、用水量等信息。 能计算出学生和教工每月所要交的电费和水费。定义一个人员类，实现学生和教工共同的信 息和行为。

以下是用Java实现的代码：

class Person {
    private String id; // 学号或职工号
    private String name;
    private String gender;
    private int age;
    private double electricityUsage; // 用电量
    private double waterUsage; // 用水量

    public Person(String id, String name, String gender, int age, double electricityUsage, double waterUsage) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.gender = gender;
        this.age = age;
        this.electricityUsage = electricityUsage;
        this.waterUsage = waterUsage;
    }

    public String getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public String getGender() {
        return gender;
    }

    public int getAge() {
        return age;
    }

    public double getElectricityUsage() {
        return electricityUsage;
    }

    public double getWaterUsage() {
        return waterUsage;
    }

    public double calculateElectricityFee(double rate) {
        return electricityUsage * rate;
    }

    public double calculateWaterFee(double rate) {
        return waterUsage * rate;
    }
}

class Student extends Person {
    private String className;

    public Student(String id, String name, String gender, int age, double electricityUsage, double waterUsage, String className) {
        super(id, name, gender, age, electricityUsage, waterUsage);
        this.className = className;
    }

    public String getClassName() {
        return className;
    }
}

class Teacher extends Person {
    private String department;

    public Teacher(String id, String name, String gender, int age, double electricityUsage, double waterUsage, String department) {
        super(id, name, gender, age, electricityUsage, waterUsage);
        this.department = department;
    }

    public String getDepartment() {
        return department;
    }
}

public class Main {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Student s = new Student("2018001", "张三", "男", 20, 100.0, 50.0, "计算机科学与技术");
        Teacher t = new Teacher("10001", "李四", "女", 35, 200.0, 100.0, "计算机科学与技术");
        double electricityRate = 1.0; // 电费单价
        double waterRate = 2.0; // 水费单价
        System.out.println(s.getName() + "的月电费为：" + s.calculateElectricityFee(electricityRate));
        System.out.println(s.getName() + "的月水费为：" + s.calculateWaterFee(waterRate));
        System.out.println(t.getName() + "的月电费为：" + t.calculateElectricityFee(electricityRate));
        System.out.println(t.getName() + "的月水费为：" + t.calculateWaterFee(waterRate));
    }
}

在上面的代码中，我们定义了一个 `Person` 类作为学生和教工的基类，包含了学号/职工号、姓名、性别、年龄、用电量和用水量等信息，以及计算电费和水费的方法。然后我们又定义了两个子类 `Student` 和 `Teacher`，分别继承了 `Person` 类，并增加了班级和工作部门的属性。

在主函数中，我们创建了一个学生对象 `s` 和一个教工对象 `t`，并分别计算出他们的月电费和月水费。在实际应用中，我们可以根据业务需求，设置不同的电费单价和水费单价，从而计算出每个人员的具体费用。