if __name__ == '__main__': root = tk.Tk() Management(root) root.mainloop()

这段代码是一个典型的 Python GUI 程序的主程序入口。它首先判断当前脚本是否作为主程序运行，然后创建一个 `Tk()` 对象作为 GUI 程序的根窗口，并将该对象作为参数传递给 `Management` 类的构造函数来创建一个 GUI 界面。最后通过 `mainloop()` 方法启动 GUI 程序的主事件循环，等待用户交互。当用户关闭程序窗口时，主事件循环结束，整个程序退出。

相关问题

用python编写一个程序，其中包括一个菜单和一个多选列表框。菜单应该包含两个选项：添加学生和删除学生。当用户选择添加学生选项时，程序应该弹出一个对话框，要求用户输入学生的姓名、年龄和成绩。当用户选择删除学生选项时，程序应该从列表框中删除当前选定的学生。同时，当用户在列表框中选择一个学生时，程序应该显示该学生的详细信息

好的，以下是Python代码实现：

import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import messagebox

class Student:
    def __init__(self, name, age, score):
        self.name = name
        self.age = age
        self.score = score

    def __str__(self):
        return f"{self.name} ({self.age} years old) - Score: {self.score}"

class StudentManagementSystem:
    def __init__(self):
        self.students = []

    def add_student(self, name, age, score):
        student = Student(name, age, score)
        self.students.append(student)

    def remove_student(self, index):
        del self.students[index]

class GUI:
    def __init__(self):
        self.sms = StudentManagementSystem()

        self.root = tk.Tk()
        self.root.title("Student Management System")

        self.menu = tk.Menu(self.root)
        self.root.config(menu=self.menu)

        self.file_menu = tk.Menu(self.menu)
        self.menu.add_cascade(label="File", menu=self.file_menu)
        self.file_menu.add_command(label="Add Student", command=self.add_student)
        self.file_menu.add_command(label="Remove Student", command=self.remove_student)

        self.student_listbox = tk.Listbox(self.root, selectmode=tk.SINGLE)
        self.student_listbox.pack(side=tk.LEFT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
        self.student_listbox.bind("<<ListboxSelect>>", self.show_student_details)

        self.details_frame = tk.Frame(self.root)
        self.details_frame.pack(side=tk.RIGHT, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)

        self.name_label = tk.Label(self.details_frame, text="Name:")
        self.name_label.pack()
        self.name_var = tk.StringVar()
        self.name_entry = tk.Entry(self.details_frame, textvariable=self.name_var, state=tk.DISABLED)
        self.name_entry.pack()

        self.age_label = tk.Label(self.details_frame, text="Age:")
        self.age_label.pack()
        self.age_var = tk.StringVar()
        self.age_entry = tk.Entry(self.details_frame, textvariable=self.age_var, state=tk.DISABLED)
        self.age_entry.pack()

        self.score_label = tk.Label(self.details_frame, text="Score:")
        self.score_label.pack()
        self.score_var = tk.StringVar()
        self.score_entry = tk.Entry(self.details_frame, textvariable=self.score_var, state=tk.DISABLED)
        self.score_entry.pack()

        self.root.mainloop()

    def add_student(self):
        dialog = AddStudentDialog(self.root)
        if dialog.result is not None:
            name, age, score = dialog.result
            self.sms.add_student(name, age, score)
            self.update_student_listbox()

    def remove_student(self):
        selected_index = self.student_listbox.curselection()
        if len(selected_index) == 1:
            confirm = messagebox.askyesno("Confirm", "Are you sure you want to remove this student?")
            if confirm:
                self.sms.remove_student(selected_index[0])
                self.update_student_listbox()

    def show_student_details(self, event):
        selected_index = self.student_listbox.curselection()
        if len(selected_index) == 1:
            student = self.sms.students[selected_index[0]]
            self.name_var.set(student.name)
            self.age_var.set(student.age)
            self.score_var.set(student.score)
            self.name_entry.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
            self.age_entry.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
            self.score_entry.config(state=tk.NORMAL)
        else:
            self.name_var.set("")
            self.age_var.set("")
            self.score_var.set("")
            self.name_entry.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
            self.age_entry.config(state=tk.DISABLED)
            self.score_entry.config(state=tk.DISABLED)

    def update_student_listbox(self):
        self.student_listbox.delete(0, tk.END)
        for student in self.sms.students:
            self.student_listbox.insert(tk.END, str(student))

class AddStudentDialog:
    def __init__(self, parent):
        self.result = None

        self.top = tk.Toplevel(parent)

        self.name_label = tk.Label(self.top, text="Name:")
        self.name_label.pack()
        self.name_var = tk.StringVar()
        self.name_entry = tk.Entry(self.top, textvariable=self.name_var)
        self.name_entry.pack()

        self.age_label = tk.Label(self.top, text="Age:")
        self.age_label.pack()
        self.age_var = tk.StringVar()
        self.age_entry = tk.Entry(self.top, textvariable=self.age_var)
        self.age_entry.pack()

        self.score_label = tk.Label(self.top, text="Score:")
        self.score_label.pack()
        self.score_var = tk.StringVar()
        self.score_entry = tk.Entry(self.top, textvariable=self.score_var)
        self.score_entry.pack()

        self.ok_button = tk.Button(self.top, text="OK", command=self.ok)
        self.ok_button.pack()

        self.top.bind("<Return>", lambda event: self.ok())

        self.top.grab_set()
        self.top.wait_window()

    def ok(self):
        self.result = (self.name_var.get(), int(self.age_var.get()), int(self.score_var.get()))
        self.top.destroy()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    gui = GUI()

这个程序包括一个 `Student` 类，用于表示学生的姓名、年龄和成绩，以及一个 `StudentManagementSystem` 类，用于管理学生。GUI 部分使用 `tkinter` 库，包括一个菜单和一个多选列表框。当用户选择添加学生选项时，程序弹出一个对话框，要求用户输入学生的姓名、年龄和成绩。当用户选择删除学生选项时，程序从列表框中删除当前选定的学生。同时，当用户在列表框中选择一个学生时，程序显示该学生的详细信息。

使用pycharm和mysql制作个人事务管理系统，其中包括主要功能： 1. 通讯录管理：对个人好友信息的添加、更新、删除、查询和报表输出； 2. 日志管理：对个人日志的添加、更新、删除和查询； 3. 个人财务管理：对个人的收入和支出信息进行维护。

好的，那我们可以分几个步骤来实现这个系统。

1. 安装MySQL数据库和PyCharm

首先需要安装MySQL数据库和PyCharm，可以从官网下载安装包，根据提示安装即可。

2. 创建数据库和表

在MySQL中创建一个名为“personal_management”的数据库，然后创建三个表，分别为“address_book”、“log”和“finance”。可以使用以下代码创建表：

CREATE TABLE `address_book` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `name` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `phone` varchar(20) DEFAULT NULL,
  `email` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

CREATE TABLE `log` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `title` varchar(50) DEFAULT NULL,
  `content` varchar(500) DEFAULT NULL,
  `create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

CREATE TABLE `finance` (
  `id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,
  `type` varchar(10) DEFAULT NULL,
  `amount` decimal(10,2) DEFAULT NULL,
  `create_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  `update_time` datetime DEFAULT NULL,
  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;

3. 编写Python代码

在PyCharm中创建一个新项目，然后创建三个Python文件，分别为“address_book.py”、“log.py”和“finance.py”。在这些文件中，可以使用Python的MySQL库来连接数据库，并编写相应的函数来实现添加、更新、删除、查询和报表输出等功能。

例如，以下是一个“address_book.py”文件的示例代码：

import mysql.connector

class AddressBook:
    def __init__(self):
        self.conn = mysql.connector.connect(
            host='localhost',
            user='root',
            password='password',
            database='personal_management'
        )
        
    def add_contact(self, name, phone, email):
        cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        sql = "INSERT INTO address_book (name, phone, email) VALUES (%s, %s, %s)"
        val = (name, phone, email)
        cursor.execute(sql, val)
        self.conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        
    def update_contact(self, id, name=None, phone=None, email=None):
        cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        sql = "UPDATE address_book SET "
        if name:
            sql += "name=%s, "
        if phone:
            sql += "phone=%s, "
        if email:
            sql += "email=%s, "
        sql = sql[:-2] + " WHERE id=%s"
        val = (name, phone, email, id)
        cursor.execute(sql, val)
        self.conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        
    def delete_contact(self, id):
        cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        sql = "DELETE FROM address_book WHERE id=%s"
        val = (id,)
        cursor.execute(sql, val)
        self.conn.commit()
        cursor.close()
        
    def search_contact(self, name=None, phone=None, email=None):
        cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        sql = "SELECT * FROM address_book WHERE 1=1 "
        if name:
            sql += "AND name LIKE '%" + name + "%' "
        if phone:
            sql += "AND phone LIKE '%" + phone + "%' "
        if email:
            sql += "AND email LIKE '%" + email + "%' "
        cursor.execute(sql)
        result = cursor.fetchall()
        cursor.close()
        return result
        
    def generate_report(self):
        cursor = self.conn.cursor()
        sql = "SELECT name, phone, email FROM address_book"
        cursor.execute(sql)
        result = cursor.fetchall()
        cursor.close()
        report = ""
        for row in result:
            report += "Name: " + row[0] + ", Phone: " + row[1] + ", Email: " + row[2] + "\n"
        return report

这个示例代码实现了添加、更新、删除、查询和报表输出等功能，使用了MySQL的INSERT、UPDATE、DELETE和SELECT语句。其他文件的代码也可以类似地编写。

4. 编写用户界面

最后，可以使用Python的tkinter库来编写用户界面，让用户可以方便地使用这个系统。可以创建一个“main.py”文件，然后在其中创建一个主窗口，并添加按钮和文本框等控件来实现用户交互。例如：

import tkinter as tk
from address_book import AddressBook
from log import Log
from finance import Finance

class Main:
    def __init__(self):
        self.address_book = AddressBook()
        self.log = Log()
        self.finance = Finance()
        self.window = tk.Tk()
        self.window.title("Personal Management System")
        
        self.tab_control = tk.Notebook(self.window)
        
        self.address_book_tab = tk.Frame(self.tab_control)
        self.log_tab = tk.Frame(self.tab_control)
        self.finance_tab = tk.Frame(self.tab_control)
        
        self.tab_control.add(self.address_book_tab, text="Address Book")
        self.tab_control.add(self.log_tab, text="Log")
        self.tab_control.add(self.finance_tab, text="Finance")
        
        self.create_address_book_tab()
        self.create_log_tab()
        self.create_finance_tab()
        
        self.tab_control.pack(expand=1, fill="both")
        
        self.window.mainloop()
        
    def create_address_book_tab(self):
        lbl_name = tk.Label(self.address_book_tab, text="Name")
        lbl_phone = tk.Label(self.address_book_tab, text="Phone")
        lbl_email = tk.Label(self.address_book_tab, text="Email")
        lbl_name.grid(row=0, column=0)
        lbl_phone.grid(row=1, column=0)
        lbl_email.grid(row=2, column=0)
        
        self.ent_name = tk.Entry(self.address_book_tab)
        self.ent_phone = tk.Entry(self.address_book_tab)
        self.ent_email = tk.Entry(self.address_book_tab)
        self.ent_name.grid(row=0, column=1)
        self.ent_phone.grid(row=1, column=1)
        self.ent_email.grid(row=2, column=1)
        
        btn_add = tk.Button(self.address_book_tab, text="Add Contact", command=self.add_contact)
        btn_update = tk.Button(self.address_book_tab, text="Update Contact", command=self.update_contact)
        btn_delete = tk.Button(self.address_book_tab, text="Delete Contact", command=self.delete_contact)
        btn_search = tk.Button(self.address_book_tab, text="Search Contact", command=self.search_contact)
        btn_report = tk.Button(self.address_book_tab, text="Generate Report", command=self.generate_report)
        btn_add.grid(row=3, column=0)
        btn_update.grid(row=3, column=1)
        btn_delete.grid(row=4, column=0)
        btn_search.grid(row=4, column=1)
        btn_report.grid(row=5, column=0, columnspan=2)
        
        self.txt_result = tk.Text(self.address_book_tab, height=10, width=50)
        self.txt_result.grid(row=6, column=0, columnspan=2)
        
    def create_log_tab(self):
        pass # similar to create_address_book_tab
        
    def create_finance_tab(self):
        pass # similar to create_address_book_tab
        
    def add_contact(self):
        name = self.ent_name.get()
        phone = self.ent_phone.get()
        email = self.ent_email.get()
        self.address_book.add_contact(name, phone, email)
        self.txt_result.insert("end", "Contact added successfully.\n")
        
    def update_contact(self):
        id = self.ent_id.get()
        name = self.ent_name.get()
        phone = self.ent_phone.get()
        email = self.ent_email.get()
        self.address_book.update_contact(id, name, phone, email)
        self.txt_result.insert("end", "Contact updated successfully.\n")
        
    def delete_contact(self):
        id = self.ent_id.get()
        self.address_book.delete_contact(id)
        self.txt_result.insert("end", "Contact deleted successfully.\n")
        
    def search_contact(self):
        name = self.ent_name.get()
        phone = self.ent_phone.get()
        email = self.ent_email.get()
        result = self.address_book.search_contact(name, phone, email)
        self.txt_result.delete(1.0, "end")
        for row in result:
            self.txt_result.insert("end", "ID: " + str(row[0]) + ", Name: " + row[1] + ", Phone: " + row[2] + ", Email: " + row[3] + "\n")
        
    def generate_report(self):
        report = self.address_book.generate_report()
        self.txt_result.delete(1.0, "end")
        self.txt_result.insert("end", report)
        
Main()

这个代码创建了一个包含三个选项卡的主窗口，每个选项卡对应一个功能模块。在每个选项卡中，通过创建标签、输入框、按钮和文本框等控件来实现用户交互。例如，在“Address Book”选项卡中，有一个“Add Contact”按钮，当用户点击该按钮时，程序会调用add_contact函数来添加一个新的联系人，并在文本框中显示操作结果。

这里只是一个简单的示例，实际上可以根据需求来添加更多的功能和控件。