android studio 11版本的拍照和打开相册代码

在Android Studio 11（实际上，到目前为止，Android Studio官方还未发布第11版，目前最新稳定版是4.x系列）中，我们可以使用`CameraX`库来方便地处理相机和相册操作。以下是简单的代码示例，展示如何获取相机权限并拍照，以及打开相册让用户选择图片：

首先，确保已添加CameraX依赖。在build.gradle（Module: app）文件中添加：

dependencies {
    implementation 'androidx.camera:camera-core:1.0.0'
    implementation 'androidx.camera:camera-lifecycle:1.0.0'
    implementation 'androidx.camera:camera-view:1.0.0-beta06'
}

然后，在需要的Activity或Fragment中，请求相机和存储权限：

private void requestPermissions() {
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.CAMERA)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.CAMERA},
                REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION);
    }
    if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE)
            != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
        ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this,
                new String[]{Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE},
                REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION);
    }
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode,
                                       @NonNull String[] permissions,
                                       @NonNull int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    switch (requestCode) {
        case REQUEST_CAMERA_PERMISSION:
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // Permission granted, initialize camera
            } else {
                // Permission denied, handle accordingly
            }
            break;
        case REQUEST_EXTERNAL_STORAGE_PERMISSION:
            if (grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
                // Permission granted, open gallery
            } else {
                // Permission denied, handle accordingly
            }
            break;
    }
}

接下来，你可以使用`CameraX`来创建相机界面和拍照功能：

val preview = Preview.Builder().build()
val cameraProviderFuture = ProcessCameraProvider.getInstance(this)
cameraProviderFuture.addListener({ cameraProvider ->
    val cameraSelector = CameraSelector.DEFAULT_BACK_CAMERA
    try {
        cameraProvider.bindToLifecycle(this, preview, cameraSelector) { camera, previewSession ->
            // 实现拍照逻辑
            val imageCapture = ImageCapture.Builder()
                    .setTargetAspectRatio(AspectRatio.RATIO_16_9)
                    .build()
            val fileProvider = FileProvider.getUriForFile(
                    this, "your.app.provider.name", File("path/to/save/image.jpg"))
            val photoTask = imageCapture.takePicture(previewSession, object : ImageCapture.OnImageCapturedCallback() {
                override fun onCaptureSuccess(image: ImageProxy, metadata: CaptureMetadata?) {
                    val imageCopy = image.copyToBytes()
                    MediaStore.Images.Media.insertInto(ContentResolver(this@YourActivity), fileProvider, imageCopy)
                }

                override fun onError(error: ImageCapture.UseCaseError) {
                    Log.e(TAG, "onError: $error")
                }
            })
        }
    } catch (e: CameraAccessException) {
        e.printStackTrace()
    }
}, ContextCompat.getMainExecutor(this))

对于打开相册，可以使用`PickMediaItem` API：

val pickResult = PickMediaItem.createIntentChooser(
    this,
    "Choose an image",
    arrayOf(MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI)
).show()
if (pickResult.resultCode == RESULT_OK) {
    val uri = pickResult.data ?: throw IllegalArgumentException("No data returned from pick result")
    // 使用uri访问选定的照片
}

请注意，以上代码仅为示例，并未包含完整的错误处理和UI部分。在实际应用中，你需要适配用户交互和更多的错误处理逻辑。