python操作mongodb数据库

Python中操作MongoDB数据库需要用到pymongo库，安装方法如下：

pip install pymongo

连接数据库：

from pymongo import MongoClient

# 连接MongoDB数据库
client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')

通过client对象获取数据库和集合：

# 获取数据库对象
db = client.testdb

# 获取集合对象（类似于关系数据库中的表）
collection = db.test_collection

插入数据：

# 插入一条数据
post = {"author": "Mike",
        "text": "My first blog post!",
        "tags": ["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"]}
collection.insert_one(post)

# 插入多条数据
new_posts = [{"author": "Mike",
              "text": "Another post!",
              "tags": ["bulk", "insert"],
              "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14)},
             {"author": "Eliot",
              "title": "MongoDB is fun",
              "text": "and pretty easy too!",
              "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45)}]
collection.insert_many(new_posts)

查询数据：

# 查询所有数据
for post in collection.find():
    print(post)

# 条件查询
query = {"author": "Mike"}
for post in collection.find(query):
    print(post)

# 正则表达式查询
query = {"author": {"$regex": "^M.*"}}
for post in collection.find(query):
    print(post)

修改数据：

# 更新一条数据
result = collection.update_one(
    {"author": "Mike"},
    {"$set": {"text": "My first blog post (update)!"}}
)
print("影响的文档数量：", result.modified_count)

# 更新多条数据
result = collection.update_many(
    {"author": "Mike"},
    {"$set": {"text": "My first blog post (update)!"}}
)
print("影响的文档数量：", result.modified_count)

删除数据：

# 删除一条数据
result = collection.delete_one({"author": "Mike"})
print("影响的文档数量：", result.deleted_count)

# 删除多条数据
result = collection.delete_many({"author": "Mike"})
print("影响的文档数量：", result.deleted_count)

# 删除所有数据
result = collection.delete_many({})
print("影响的文档数量：", result.deleted_count)

关闭连接：

# 关闭连接
client.close()