Python实现五子棋人机对战

以下是一个简单的五子棋人机对战的Python实现，使用了Pygame库来实现可视化界面。

import pygame
import sys
import random

# 初始化Pygame
pygame.init()

# 定义棋盘大小
BOARD_SIZE = (400, 400)

# 定义棋子大小
PIECE_SIZE = (20, 20)

# 定义棋盘边距
MARGIN = 20

# 定义棋盘行列数
ROWS = 15
COLUMNS = 15

# 定义棋子颜色
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)

# 初始化屏幕
screen = pygame.display.set_mode((BOARD_SIZE[0] + MARGIN * 2, BOARD_SIZE[1] + MARGIN * 2))

# 加载棋子图片
piece_black = pygame.image.load("black.png")
piece_white = pygame.image.load("white.png")

# 定义棋盘数组
board = [[0 for i in range(COLUMNS)] for j in range(ROWS)]

# 定义游戏状态
game_over = False
player_turn = True
winner = None

# 绘制棋盘
def draw_board():
    # 绘制棋盘背景
    pygame.draw.rect(screen, (200, 200, 200), (MARGIN, MARGIN, BOARD_SIZE[0], BOARD_SIZE[1]))

    # 绘制棋盘网格
    for i in range(ROWS):
        for j in range(COLUMNS):
            pygame.draw.rect(screen, (0, 0, 0), (MARGIN + j * PIECE_SIZE[0], MARGIN + i * PIECE_SIZE[1], PIECE_SIZE[0], PIECE_SIZE[1]), 1)

# 绘制棋子
def draw_piece(row, col, color):
    if color == BLACK:
        screen.blit(piece_black, (MARGIN + col * PIECE_SIZE[0] - PIECE_SIZE[0] // 2, MARGIN + row * PIECE_SIZE[1] - PIECE_SIZE[1] // 2))
    else:
        screen.blit(piece_white, (MARGIN + col * PIECE_SIZE[0] - PIECE_SIZE[0] // 2, MARGIN + row * PIECE_SIZE[1] - PIECE_SIZE[1] // 2))

# 判断是否胜利
def check_win(row, col, color):
    # 判断横向是否连成五个棋子
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, col - 4), min(COLUMNS, col + 5)):
        if board[row][i] == color:
            count += 1
            if count == 5:
                return True
        else:
            count = 0

    # 判断纵向是否连成五个棋子
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, row - 4), min(ROWS, row + 5)):
        if board[i][col] == color:
            count += 1
            if count == 5:
                return True
        else:
            count = 0

    # 判断左上到右下是否连成五个棋子
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, row - 4), min(ROWS, row + 5)):
        j = col - (row - i)
        if j < 0 or j >= COLUMNS:
            continue
        if board[i][j] == color:
            count += 1
            if count == 5:
                return True
        else:
            count = 0

    # 判断左下到右上是否连成五个棋子
    count = 0
    for i in range(max(0, row - 4), min(ROWS, row + 5)):
        j = col + (row - i)
        if j < 0 or j >= COLUMNS:
            continue
        if board[i][j] == color:
            count += 1
            if count == 5:
                return True
        else:
            count = 0

    return False

# 人类玩家下棋
def player_move():
    global player_turn, game_over, winner

    # 等待玩家下棋
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                sys.exit()
            elif event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
                if not game_over and player_turn:
                    x, y = event.pos
                    if x >= MARGIN and x < MARGIN + BOARD_SIZE[0] and y >= MARGIN and y < MARGIN + BOARD_SIZE[1]:
                        col = (x - MARGIN) // PIECE_SIZE[0]
                        row = (y - MARGIN) // PIECE_SIZE[1]
                        if board[row][col] == 0:
                            board[row][col] = BLACK
                            draw_piece(row, col, BLACK)
                            if check_win(row, col, BLACK):
                                game_over = True
                                winner = "player"
                            player_turn = False
                            return

# 电脑下棋
def computer_move():
    global player_turn, game_over, winner

    # 生成所有可能的下棋位置
    moves = []
    for i in range(ROWS):
        for j in range(COLUMNS):
            if board[i][j] == 0:
                moves.append((i, j))

    # 随机选择一个位置下棋
    row, col = random.choice(moves)
    board[row][col] = WHITE
    draw_piece(row, col, WHITE)
    if check_win(row, col, WHITE):
        game_over = True
        winner = "computer"
    player_turn = True

# 游戏主循环
while True:
    # 绘制棋盘和棋子
    draw_board()
    for i in range(ROWS):
        for j in range(COLUMNS):
            if board[i][j] == BLACK:
                draw_piece(i, j, BLACK)
            elif board[i][j] == WHITE:
                draw_piece(i, j, WHITE)

    # 判断游戏是否结束
    if game_over:
        pygame.time.wait(2000)
        if winner == "player":
            pygame.display.set_caption("五子棋（你赢了！）")
        else:
            pygame.display.set_caption("五子棋（电脑赢了！）")
    else:
        if player_turn:
            pygame.display.set_caption("五子棋（轮到你下棋）")
            player_move()
        else:
            pygame.display.set_caption("五子棋（电脑正在思考......）")
            pygame.time.wait(1000)
            computer_move()

    # 更新屏幕
    pygame.display.flip()

该程序实现了人机对战的五子棋游戏，玩家执黑子，电脑执白子。玩家通过鼠标点击来下棋，电脑则随机选择一个空位置下棋。程序使用了一个二维数组来表示棋盘，其中0表示空位置，1表示黑子，2表示白子。程序使用了一个check_win函数来判断是否胜利，该函数会检查横向、纵向、左上到右下、左下到右上四个方向是否连成了五个相同颜色的棋子。程序还使用了Pygame库来实现可视化界面，包括绘制棋盘、绘制棋子、判断游戏是否结束等功能。