csharp网络编程实验

网络编程是现代计算机应用程序开发中不可或缺的一部分。C#作为一种高级编程语言，提供了许多用于网络编程的类和API，如System.Net和System.Net.Sockets命名空间。

下面是一个简单的C#网络编程实验，用于建立一个TCP/IP客户端和服务器之间的连接，并在客户端和服务器之间发送消息。

1. 创建一个新的C#控制台应用程序项目。
2. 在Program.cs文件中添加以下代码，用于创建一个TCP/IP服务器：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace Server
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            TcpListener server = null;
            try
            {
                // Set the TcpListener on port 13000.
                Int32 port = 13000;
                IPAddress localAddr = IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");

                // TcpListener server = new TcpListener(port);
                server = new TcpListener(localAddr, port);

                // Start listening for client requests.
                server.Start();

                // Buffer for reading data
                Byte[] bytes = new Byte[256];
                String data = null;

                // Enter the listening loop.
                while (true)
                {
                    Console.Write("Waiting for a connection... ");

                    // Perform a blocking call to accept requests.
                    // You could also user server.AcceptSocket() here.
                    TcpClient client = server.AcceptTcpClient();
                    Console.WriteLine("Connected!");

                    data = null;

                    // Get a stream object for reading and writing
                    NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();

                    int i;

                    // Loop to receive all the data sent by the client.
                    while ((i = stream.Read(bytes, 0, bytes.Length)) != 0)
                    {
                        // Translate data bytes to a ASCII string.
                        data = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(bytes, 0, i);
                        Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", data);

                        // Process the data sent by the client.
                        data = data.ToUpper();

                        byte[] msg = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(data);

                        // Send back a response.
                        stream.Write(msg, 0, msg.Length);
                        Console.WriteLine("Sent: {0}", data);
                    }

                    // Shutdown and end connection
                    client.Close();
                }
            }
            catch (SocketException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e);
            }
            finally
            {
                // Stop listening for new clients.
                server.Stop();
            }

            Console.WriteLine("\nHit enter to continue...");
            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

3. 添加以下代码，用于创建TCP/IP客户端：

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;

namespace Client
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            string server = "127.0.0.1";
            int port = 13000;
            try
            {
                TcpClient client = new TcpClient(server, port);

                // Translate the passed message into ASCII and store it as a Byte array.
                string message = "Hello, server!";
                Byte[] data = Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(message);

                // Get a client stream for reading and writing.
                NetworkStream stream = client.GetStream();

                // Send the message to the connected TcpServer.
                stream.Write(data, 0, data.Length);
                Console.WriteLine("Sent: {0}", message);

                // Receive the TcpServer.response.

                // Buffer to store the response bytes.
                data = new Byte[256];

                // String to store the response ASCII representation.
                String responseData = String.Empty;

                // Read the first batch of the TcpServer response bytes.
                Int32 bytes = stream.Read(data, 0, data.Length);
                responseData = Encoding.ASCII.GetString(data, 0, bytes);
                Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", responseData);

                // Close everything.
                stream.Close();
                client.Close();
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ArgumentNullException: {0}", e);
            }
            catch (SocketException e)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("SocketException: {0}", e);
            }

            Console.WriteLine("\nHit enter to continue...");
            Console.Read();
        }
    }
}

4. 运行程序，将启动服务器并等待客户端连接。然后启动客户端，将向服务器发送一条消息并显示响应。

这个实验只是一个简单的例子，但它演示了如何使用C#编写基本的网络应用程序。你可以使用这些基础知识来构建更复杂的应用程序，如聊天程序、文件传输应用程序等。