使用ds1302，lcd1602，ds18b20和按键，写成带闹钟的可调时钟代码，51单片机

以下是使用DS1302实时时钟模块、LCD1602液晶屏、DS18B20温度传感器和按键，写成带闹钟的可调时钟代码，适用于51单片机。代码注释中有详细的说明，希望能够帮到你！

#include <reg52.h> //引用51单片机头文件
#include <intrins.h> //引用延时函数头文件

//定义液晶屏引脚
sbit LCD_RS = P2^6;
sbit LCD_RW = P2^5;
sbit LCD_EN = P2^7;
sbit LCD_D4 = P0^4;
sbit LCD_D5 = P0^5;
sbit LCD_D6 = P0^6;
sbit LCD_D7 = P0^7;

//定义DS1302实时时钟模块引脚
sbit DS1302_CE = P1^0;
sbit DS1302_CLK = P1^1;
sbit DS1302_DAT = P1^2;

//定义温度传感器引脚
sbit DS18B20_IO = P3^4;

//定义闹钟时间
unsigned char alarmHour = 8;
unsigned char alarmMinute = 0;

//定义闹钟标志
bit alarmSet = 0;

//函数声明
void InitLCD();
void WriteCommand(unsigned char Command);
void WriteData(unsigned char Data);
void LCD1602_Display(unsigned char X,unsigned char Y,unsigned char *Text);
void DS1302_WriteByte(unsigned char dat);
unsigned char DS1302_ReadByte();
void DS1302_Write(unsigned char address,unsigned char dat);
unsigned char DS1302_Read(unsigned char address);
void DS1302_SetTime(unsigned char year,unsigned char month,unsigned char day,unsigned char hour,unsigned char minute,unsigned char second);
void DS1302_GetTime(unsigned char *year,unsigned char *month,unsigned char *day,unsigned char *hour,unsigned char *minute,unsigned char *second);
void DS18B20_Init();
float DS18B20_GetTemp();

void main() {
  //初始化LCD1602液晶屏
  InitLCD();

  //初始化DS1302实时时钟模块
  DS1302_SetTime(21, 8, 15, 8, 0, 0); //设置初始时间为2021年8月15日8时0分0秒

  //初始化DS18B20温度传感器
  DS18B20_Init();

  while (1) {
    //获取当前时间和温度
    unsigned char year, month, day, hour, minute, second;
    DS1302_GetTime(&year, &month, &day, &hour, &minute, &second);
    float temperature = DS18B20_GetTemp();

    //显示时间和温度
    unsigned char text[16];
    sprintf(text, "Time: %02d:%02d", hour, minute);
    LCD1602_Display(0, 0, text);
    sprintf(text, "Temp: %.1fC", temperature);
    LCD1602_Display(0, 1, text);

    //检查是否到达闹钟时间
    if (hour == alarmHour && minute == alarmMinute && !alarmSet) {
      //闹钟时间到，显示闹钟提示
      LCD1602_Display(0, 0, "Alarm!");
      LCD1602_Display(0, 1, "Press reset");
      alarmSet = 1; //设置闹钟标志
    }

    //检查是否按下重置按钮
    if (!P3_0 && alarmSet) {
      //重置闹钟
      alarmSet = 0;
    }

    //检查是否按下设置按钮
    if (!P3_1) {
      //进入设置模式
      unsigned char hourSetting = hour;
      unsigned char minuteSetting = minute;
      while (!P3_1) {
        //等待设置完成
        if (!P3_2) {
          //按下确认按钮，保存设置
          DS1302_SetTime(year, month, day, hourSetting, minuteSetting, 0);
          break;
        }
        //调整时间
        if (!P3_3) {
          //按下小时调整按钮
          hourSetting++;
          if (hourSetting > 23) {
            hourSetting = 0;
          }
          sprintf(text, "Set Time: %02d:%02d", hourSetting, minuteSetting);
          LCD1602_Display(0, 0, text);
        }
        if (!P3_4) {
          //按下分钟调整按钮
          minuteSetting++;
          if (minuteSetting > 59) {
            minuteSetting = 0;
          }
          sprintf(text, "Set Time: %02d:%02d", hourSetting, minuteSetting);
          LCD1602_Display(0, 0, text);
        }
        _nop_();
      }
    }
  }
}

//LCD1602初始化函数
void InitLCD() {
  WriteCommand(0x38); //设置16*2显示，5*7点阵，8位数据
  WriteCommand(0x0c); //显示器开，光标不显示
  WriteCommand(0x06); //光标右移，字符不移动
  WriteCommand(0x01); //清屏
}

//LCD1602发送命令函数
void WriteCommand(unsigned char Command) {
  LCD_RS = 0;
  LCD_RW = 0;
  LCD_D7 = Command & 0x80;
  LCD_D6 = Command & 0x40;
  LCD_D5 = Command & 0x20;
  LCD_D4 = Command & 0x10;
  LCD_EN = 1;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  LCD_EN = 0;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  LCD_D7 = Command & 0x08;
  LCD_D6 = Command & 0x04;
  LCD_D5 = Command & 0x02;
  LCD_D4 = Command & 0x01;
  LCD_EN = 1;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  LCD_EN = 0;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
}

//LCD1602发送数据函数
void WriteData(unsigned char Data) {
  LCD_RS = 1;
  LCD_RW = 0;
  LCD_D7 = Data & 0x80;
  LCD_D6 = Data & 0x40;
  LCD_D5 = Data & 0x20;
  LCD_D4 = Data & 0x10;
  LCD_EN = 1;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  LCD_EN = 0;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  LCD_D7 = Data & 0x08;
  LCD_D6 = Data & 0x04;
  LCD_D5 = Data & 0x02;
  LCD_D4 = Data & 0x01;
  LCD_EN = 1;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  LCD_EN = 0;
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
  _nop_();
}

//LCD1602显示函数
void LCD1602_Display(unsigned char X,unsigned char Y,unsigned char *Text) {
  unsigned char i;
  if (X > 15) {
    X = 0;
    Y++;
  }
  if (Y > 1) {
    Y = 0;
  }
  WriteCommand(0x80 + Y * 0x40 + X);
  for (i = 0; Text[i] != '\0'; i++) {
    WriteData(Text[i]);
  }
}

//DS1302写入一个字节函数
void DS1302_WriteByte(unsigned char dat) {
  unsigned char i;
  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    if (dat & 0x01) {
      DS1302_DAT = 1;
    } else {
      DS1302_DAT = 0;
    }
    DS1302_CLK = 1;
    _nop_();
    _nop_();
    dat >>= 1;
    DS1302_CLK = 0;
    _nop_();
    _nop_();
  }
}

//DS1302读取一个字节函数
unsigned char DS1302_ReadByte() {
  unsigned char i;
  unsigned char dat = 0;
  for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
    dat >>= 1;
    if (DS1302_DAT) {
      dat |= 0x80;
    }
    DS1302_CLK = 1;
    _nop_();
    _nop_();
    DS1302_CLK = 0;
    _nop_();
    _nop_();
  }
  return dat;
}

//DS1302写入一个寄存器函数
void DS1302_Write(unsigned char address,unsigned char dat) {
  DS1302_CE = 0;
  _nop_();
  DS1302_CLK = 0;
  _nop_();
  DS1302_CE = 1;
  _nop_();
  DS1302_WriteByte(address);
  DS1302_WriteByte(dat);
  DS1302_CE = 0;
}

//DS1302读取一个寄存器函数
unsigned char DS1302_Read(unsigned char address) {
  unsigned char dat;
  DS1302_CE = 0;
  _nop_();
  DS1302_CLK = 0;
  _nop_();
  DS1302_CE = 1;
  _nop_();
  DS1302_WriteByte(address);
  dat = DS1302_ReadByte();
  DS1302_CE = 0;
  return dat;
}

//DS1302设置时间函数
void DS1302_SetTime(unsigned char year,unsigned char month,unsigned char day,unsigned char hour,unsigned char minute,unsigned char second) {
  DS1302_Write(0x8e,