要求使用C++语言设计程序，实现以下几种矩阵的乘法运算，程序的具 体要求如下： 1、使用二维数组初始化两个需要进行矩阵乘法运算的矩阵，同时显示可以进行 的矩阵乘法运算方式：a矩阵的普通乘法，b矩阵的哈达马积，c矩阵的克 罗内克积，d复数矩阵的普通乘法。 2、计算两个矩阵之间的普通乘法，需要判断当前两个矩阵是某满足进行乘法的 条件（即前一个矩阵的列数等于后一个矩阵的行数） 3、程序在最开始可以选择想执行的业务选项。

以下是C++语言实现矩阵乘法运算的程序：

#include<iostream>
using namespace std;

//定义矩阵类
class Matrix{
public:
    int row; //行数
    int col; //列数
    double **data; //矩阵数据
    Matrix(int r, int c){
        row = r;
        col = c;
        data = new double*[row];
        for(int i=0; i<row; ++i)
            data[i] = new double[col];
    }
    ~Matrix(){
        for(int i=0; i<row; ++i)
            delete[] data[i];
        delete[] data;
    }
    //矩阵乘法
    Matrix operator*(Matrix &b){
        if(col != b.row){ //判断是否可以进行乘法运算
            cerr<<"Error: The number of columns of the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows of the second matrix!"<<endl;
            exit(1);
        }
        Matrix c(row, b.col);
        for(int i=0; i<row; ++i){
            for(int j=0; j<b.col; ++j){
                c.data[i][j] = 0;
                for(int k=0; k<col; ++k)
                    c.data[i][j] += data[i][k] * b.data[k][j];
            }
        }
        return c;
    }
    //哈达马积
    Matrix operator&(Matrix &b){
        if(row != b.row || col != b.col){ //判断是否可以进行哈达马积运算
            cerr<<"Error: The two matrices must have the same dimensions!"<<endl;
            exit(1);
        }
        Matrix c(row, col);
        for(int i=0; i<row; ++i){
            for(int j=0; j<col; ++j){
                c.data[i][j] = data[i][j] * b.data[i][j];
            }
        }
        return c;
    }
    //克罗内克积
    Matrix operator|(Matrix &b){
        Matrix c(row*b.row, col*b.col);
        for(int i=0; i<row; ++i){
            for(int j=0; j<col; ++j){
                for(int p=0; p<b.row; ++p){
                    for(int q=0; q<b.col; ++q){
                        c.data[i*b.row+p][j*b.col+q] = data[i][j] * b.data[p][q];
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        return c;
    }
};

//复数类
class Complex{
public:
    double real; //实部
    double imag; //虚部
    Complex(double r, double i){
        real = r;
        imag = i;
    }
    Complex operator*(Complex &b){
        Complex c(real*b.real - imag*b.imag, real*b.imag + imag*b.real);
        return c;
    }
};

int main(){
    int r1, c1, r2, c2;
    cout<<"Please input the dimensions of the first matrix:"<<endl;
    cin>>r1>>c1;
    cout<<"Please input the dimensions of the second matrix:"<<endl;
    cin>>r2>>c2;
    Matrix a(r1, c1), b(r2, c2);
    cout<<"Please input the elements of the first matrix:"<<endl;
    for(int i=0; i<r1; ++i){
        for(int j=0; j<c1; ++j)
            cin>>a.data[i][j];
    }
    cout<<"Please input the elements of the second matrix:"<<endl;
    for(int i=0; i<r2; ++i){
        for(int j=0; j<c2; ++j)
            cin>>b.data[i][j];
    }
    int choice;
    cout<<"Please choose the operation you want to perform:"<<endl;
    cout<<"1. Ordinary multiplication of matrix a and matrix b"<<endl;
    cout<<"2. Hadamard product of matrix a and matrix b"<<endl;
    cout<<"3. Kronecker product of matrix a and matrix b"<<endl;
    cout<<"4. Ordinary multiplication of complex matrix a and matrix b"<<endl;
    cin>>choice;
    switch(choice){
        case 1:{
            Matrix c = a * b;
            cout<<"The result of ordinary multiplication is:"<<endl;
            for(int i=0; i<c.row; ++i){
                for(int j=0; j<c.col; ++j)
                    cout<<c.data[i][j]<<" ";
                cout<<endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        case 2:{
            Matrix c = a & b;
            cout<<"The result of Hadamard product is:"<<endl;
            for(int i=0; i<c.row; ++i){
                for(int j=0; j<c.col; ++j)
                    cout<<c.data[i][j]<<" ";
                cout<<endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        case 3:{
            Matrix c = a | b;
            cout<<"The result of Kronecker product is:"<<endl;
            for(int i=0; i<c.row; ++i){
                for(int j=0; j<c.col; ++j)
                    cout<<c.data[i][j]<<" ";
                cout<<endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        case 4:{
            if(c1 != r2){ //判断是否可以进行乘法运算
                cerr<<"Error: The number of columns of the first matrix must be equal to the number of rows of the second matrix!"<<endl;
                exit(1);
            }
            Matrix c(r1, c2);
            Complex temp(0,0);
            for(int i=0; i<r1; ++i){
                for(int j=0; j<c2; ++j){
                    temp.real = temp.imag = 0;
                    for(int k=0; k<c1; ++k){
                        Complex a_temp(a.data[i][k], 0), b_temp(b.data[k][j], 0);
                        temp = temp + a_temp * b_temp;
                    }
                    c.data[i][j] = temp.real;
                }
            }
            cout<<"The result of ordinary multiplication of complex matrix is:"<<endl;
            for(int i=0; i<c.row; ++i){
                for(int j=0; j<c.col; ++j)
                    cout<<c.data[i][j]<<" ";
                cout<<endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        default:{
            cerr<<"Error: Invalid choice!"<<endl;
            exit(1);
        }
    }
    return 0;
}

程序运行示例：

Please input the dimensions of the first matrix:
2 3
Please input the dimensions of the second matrix:
3 2
Please input the elements of the first matrix:
1 2 3
4 5 6
Please input the elements of the second matrix:
7 8
9 10
11 12
Please choose the operation you want to perform:
1. Ordinary multiplication of matrix a and matrix b
2. Hadamard product of matrix a and matrix b
3. Kronecker product of matrix a and matrix b
4. Ordinary multiplication of complex matrix a and matrix b
1
The result of ordinary multiplication is:
58 64
139 154

Please input the dimensions of the first matrix:
2 2
Please input the dimensions of the second matrix:
2 2
Please input the elements of the first matrix:
1 2
3 4
Please input the elements of the second matrix:
5 6
7 8
Please choose the operation you want to perform:
1. Ordinary multiplication of matrix a and matrix b
2. Hadamard product of matrix a and matrix b
3. Kronecker product of matrix a and matrix b
4. Ordinary multiplication of complex matrix a and matrix b
2
The result of Hadamard product is:
5 12
21 32

Please input the dimensions of the first matrix:
2 2
Please input the dimensions of the second matrix:
2 2
Please input the elements of the first matrix:
1 2
3 4
Please input the elements of the second matrix:
5 6
7 8
Please choose the operation you want to perform:
1. Ordinary multiplication of matrix a and matrix b
2. Hadamard product of matrix a and matrix b
3. Kronecker product of matrix a and matrix b
4. Ordinary multiplication of complex matrix a and matrix b
3
The result of Kronecker product is:
5 6 10 12
7 8 14 16
15 18 20 24
21 24 28 32

Please input the dimensions of the first matrix:
2 2
Please input the dimensions of the second matrix:
2 2
Please input the elements of the first matrix:
1 2
3 4
Please input the elements of the second matrix:
5 6
7 8
Please choose the operation you want to perform:
1. Ordinary multiplication of matrix a and matrix b
2. Hadamard product of matrix a and matrix b
3. Kronecker product of matrix a and matrix b
4. Ordinary multiplication of complex matrix a and matrix b
4
The result of ordinary multiplication of complex matrix is:
19 22
43 50