qt串口多线程怎么写

以下是一个简单的示例程序，演示如何在Qt应用程序中使用多个串口和多线程进行通信：

#include <QtCore>
#include <QtSerialPort>

class SerialThread : public QThread
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    SerialThread(QObject *parent = nullptr) : QThread(parent) {}

    void run()
    {
        QSerialPort serial;
        serial.setPortName(m_portName);
        serial.setBaudRate(m_baudRate);
        serial.setDataBits(m_dataBits);
        serial.setParity(m_parity);
        serial.setStopBits(m_stopBits);
        serial.setFlowControl(m_flowControl);

        if (!serial.open(QIODevice::ReadWrite)) {
            emit error(serial.errorString());
            return;
        }

        connect(&serial, SIGNAL(readyRead()), this, SLOT(readData()));

        exec();
    }

signals:
    void error(const QString &s);
    void newData(const QByteArray &data);

private slots:
    void readData()
    {
        QByteArray data = serial.readAll();
        emit newData(data);
    }

private:
    QString m_portName;
    QSerialPort::BaudRate m_baudRate;
    QSerialPort::DataBits m_dataBits;
    QSerialPort::Parity m_parity;
    QSerialPort::StopBits m_stopBits;
    QSerialPort::FlowControl m_flowControl;
};

class MainWindow : public QMainWindow
{
    Q_OBJECT
public:
    MainWindow(QWidget *parent = nullptr) : QMainWindow(parent)
    {
        m_serialThread1 = new SerialThread(this);
        m_serialThread1->m_portName = "COM1";
        m_serialThread1->m_baudRate = QSerialPort::Baud9600;
        m_serialThread1->m_dataBits = QSerialPort::Data8;
        m_serialThread1->m_parity = QSerialPort::NoParity;
        m_serialThread1->m_stopBits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
        m_serialThread1->m_flowControl = QSerialPort::NoFlowControl;
        connect(m_serialThread1, SIGNAL(newData(QByteArray)), this, SLOT(processData1(QByteArray)));
        connect(m_serialThread1, SIGNAL(error(QString)), this, SLOT(processError(QString)));

        m_serialThread2 = new SerialThread(this);
        m_serialThread2->m_portName = "COM2";
        m_serialThread2->m_baudRate = QSerialPort::Baud9600;
        m_serialThread2->m_dataBits = QSerialPort::Data8;
        m_serialThread2->m_parity = QSerialPort::NoParity;
        m_serialThread2->m_stopBits = QSerialPort::OneStop;
        m_serialThread2->m_flowControl = QSerialPort::NoFlowControl;
        connect(m_serialThread2, SIGNAL(newData(QByteArray)), this, SLOT(processData2(QByteArray)));
        connect(m_serialThread2, SIGNAL(error(QString)), this, SLOT(processError(QString)));

        m_serialThread1->start();
        m_serialThread2->start();
    }

private slots:
    void processData1(const QByteArray &data)
    {
        // process data from COM1
    }

    void processData2(const QByteArray &data)
    {
        // process data from COM2
    }

    void processError(const QString &s)
    {
        // handle error
    }

private:
    SerialThread *m_serialThread1;
    SerialThread *m_serialThread2;
};

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    QApplication app(argc, argv);
    MainWindow w;
    w.show();
    return app.exec();
}

在上述示例程序中，使用了一个名为`SerialThread`的自定义线程类，它负责打开和读取一个串口的数据。在`MainWindow`类中，创建了两个`SerialThread`对象来分别处理COM1和COM2串口的数据。通过信号和槽机制，将每个线程中读取到的数据发送给`MainWindow`类中的槽函数进行处理。

需要注意的是，在实际使用中，你需要根据自己的需求进行串口参数的配置和数据处理。同时，也需要确保正确地管理线程和串口资源，避免出现竞争条件或资源泄漏等问题。