用C语言编写代码分别实现直接插入排序算法、希尔排序算法、冒泡排序算法、快速排序算法、简单排序算法、堆排序算法、归并排序算法

以下是 C 语言实现的七种排序算法：

1. 直接插入排序

void insertionSort(int arr[], int n) {
    int i, j, key;
    for (i = 1; i < n; i++) {
        key = arr[i];
        j = i-1;
        while (j >= 0 && arr[j] > key) {
            arr[j+1] = arr[j];
            j--;
        }
        arr[j+1] = key;
    }
}

2. 希尔排序

void shellSort(int arr[], int n) {
    int gap, i, j, temp;
    for (gap = n/2; gap > 0; gap /= 2) {
        for (i = gap; i < n; i++) {
            temp = arr[i];
            for (j = i; j >= gap && arr[j-gap] > temp; j -= gap) {
                arr[j] = arr[j-gap];
            }
            arr[j] = temp;
        }
    }
}

3. 冒泡排序

void bubbleSort(int arr[], int n) {
    int i, j;
    for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++) {
        for (j = 0; j < n-i-1; j++) {
            if (arr[j] > arr[j+1]) {
                int temp = arr[j];
                arr[j] = arr[j+1];
                arr[j+1] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

4. 快速排序

void quickSort(int arr[], int low, int high) {
    if (low < high) {
        int pi = partition(arr, low, high);
        quickSort(arr, low, pi-1);
        quickSort(arr, pi+1, high);
    }
}

int partition(int arr[], int low, int high) {
    int pivot = arr[high];
    int i = low-1;
    int j;
    for (j = low; j <= high-1; j++) {
        if (arr[j] < pivot) {
            i++;
            int temp = arr[i];
            arr[i] = arr[j];
            arr[j] = temp;
        }
    }
    int temp = arr[i+1];
    arr[i+1] = arr[high];
    arr[high] = temp;
    return i+1;
}

5. 简单排序

void simpleSort(int arr[], int n) {
    int i, j, min_idx;
    for (i = 0; i < n-1; i++) {
        min_idx = i;
        for (j = i+1; j < n; j++) {
            if (arr[j] < arr[min_idx]) {
                min_idx = j;
            }
        }
        int temp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[min_idx];
        arr[min_idx] = temp;
    }
}

6. 堆排序

void heapSort(int arr[], int n) {
    for (int i = n / 2 - 1; i >= 0; i--)
        heapify(arr, n, i);
    for (int i = n - 1; i >= 0; i--) {
        int temp = arr[0];
        arr[0] = arr[i];
        arr[i] = temp;
        heapify(arr, i, 0);
    }
}

void heapify(int arr[], int n, int i) {
    int largest = i;
    int l = 2 * i + 1;
    int r = 2 * i + 2;
    if (l < n && arr[l] > arr[largest])
        largest = l;
    if (r < n && arr[r] > arr[largest])
        largest = r;
    if (largest != i) {
        int temp = arr[i];
        arr[i] = arr[largest];
        arr[largest] = temp;
        heapify(arr, n, largest);
    }
}

7. 归并排序

void mergeSort(int arr[], int l, int r) {
    if (l < r) {
        int m = l+(r-l)/2;
        mergeSort(arr, l, m);
        mergeSort(arr, m+1, r);
        merge(arr, l, m, r);
    }
}

void merge(int arr[], int l, int m, int r) {
    int i, j, k;
    int n1 = m-l+1;
    int n2 = r-m;
    int L[n1], R[n2];
    for (i = 0; i < n1; i++) {
        L[i] = arr[l+i];
    }
    for (j = 0; j < n2; j++) {
        R[j] = arr[m+1+j];
    }
    i = 0;
    j = 0;
    k = l;
    while (i < n1 && j < n2) {
        if (L[i] <= R[j]) {
            arr[k] = L[i];
            i++;
        } else {
            arr[k] = R[j];
            j++;
        }
        k++;
    }
    while (i < n1) {
        arr[k] = L[i];
        i++;
        k++;
    }
    while (j < n2) {
        arr[k] = R[j];
        j++;
        k++;
    }
}