java 定时器 Quartz Springboot 自启动

在 Spring Boot 中使用 Quartz 定时器并自启动的步骤如下：

1. 添加依赖：在 pom.xml 文件中添加 Quartz 和 Spring Boot Starter 的依赖。

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>
  <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>
  <version>2.3.2</version>
</dependency>

<dependency>
  <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
  <artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId>
  <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version>
</dependency>

2. 配置定时器：在配置文件中添加 Quartz 定时器的配置。

# 配置 Quartz SchedulerFactory
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName=MyQuartzScheduler
org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId=AUTO

# 配置线程池
org.quartz.threadPool.class=org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool
org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount=5
org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority=5

# 配置JobStore
org.quartz.jobStore.class=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass=org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix=QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource=myDS
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered=true

# 配置数据源
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user=root
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password=123456
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections=10

# 配置自启动
org.quartz.startupHook.class=org.quartz.plugins.management.ShutdownHookPlugin
org.quartz.plugin.shutdownhook.cleanShutdown=true

3. 编写定时器：创建一个 Quartz 定时器 Job 类，实现 execute 方法。

public class MyJob implements Job {

  @Override
  public void execute(JobExecutionContext jobExecutionContext) throws JobExecutionException {
    // 执行任务的逻辑代码
  }
}

4. 创建定时器：在 Spring Boot 应用的启动类中创建定时器。

@Configuration
public class QuartzConfig {

  @Autowired
  private ApplicationContext applicationContext;

  @Bean
  public JobDetail myJobDetail() {
    return JobBuilder.newJob(MyJob.class)
      .withIdentity("myJob")
      .storeDurably()
      .build();
  }

  @Bean
  public Trigger myTrigger() {
    SimpleScheduleBuilder scheduleBuilder = SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule()
      .withIntervalInSeconds(10)
      .repeatForever();

    return TriggerBuilder.newTrigger()
      .forJob(myJobDetail())
      .withIdentity("myTrigger")
      .withSchedule(scheduleBuilder)
      .build();
  }

  @Bean
  public SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactory() {
    AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory jobFactory = new AutowiringSpringBeanJobFactory();
    jobFactory.setApplicationContext(applicationContext);

    Properties properties = new Properties();
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.scheduler.instanceName", "MyQuartzScheduler");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.scheduler.instanceId", "AUTO");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.threadPool.class", "org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.threadPool.threadCount", "5");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.threadPool.threadPriority", "5");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.jobStore.class", "org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass", "org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.StdJDBCDelegate");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix", "QRTZ_");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource", "myDS");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered", "true");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver", "com.mysql.jdbc.Driver");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL", "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/quartz?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user", "root");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password", "123456");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections", "10");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.startupHook.class", "org.quartz.plugins.management.ShutdownHookPlugin");
    properties.setProperty("org.quartz.plugin.shutdownhook.cleanShutdown", "true");

    SchedulerFactoryBean schedulerFactory = new SchedulerFactoryBean();
    schedulerFactory.setQuartzProperties(properties);
    schedulerFactory.setAutoStartup(true);
    schedulerFactory.setJobFactory(jobFactory);
    schedulerFactory.setApplicationContextSchedulerContextKey("applicationContext");
    schedulerFactory.setTriggers(myTrigger());

    return schedulerFactory;
  }
}

在上述代码中，创建了一个 JobDetail 对象和一个 Trigger 对象，并将它们绑定在 SchedulerFactoryBean 中。SchedulerFactoryBean 会自动启动 Quartz 定时器，并执行定时任务。