如何用C++检测操作系统及其版本

我们可以使用C++中的系统调用来检测操作系统及其版本。具体的方法是，我们可以使用GetVersionEx函数或GetNativeSystemInfo函数来获取操作系统的版本信息。

下面是一个示例代码：

#include <iostream>
#include <windows.h>

int main()
{
    OSVERSIONINFOEX osvi;
    SYSTEM_INFO si;
    BOOL bOsVersionInfoEx;

    ZeroMemory(&si, sizeof(SYSTEM_INFO));
    ZeroMemory(&osvi, sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX));

    osvi.dwOSVersionInfoSize = sizeof(OSVERSIONINFOEX);

    bOsVersionInfoEx = GetVersionEx((OSVERSIONINFO*)&osvi);

    if (bOsVersionInfoEx == FALSE)
    {
        std::cout << "GetVersionEx failed!" << std::endl;
        return 1;
    }

    // 输出操作系统版本信息
    std::cout << "Operating System: ";

    switch (osvi.dwMajorVersion)
    {
        case 5:
            if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 0)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows 2000 Professional" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows 2000 Server" << std::endl;
            }
            else if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 1)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows XP" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows Server 2003" << std::endl;
            }
            break;

        case 6:
            if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 0)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows Vista" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows Server 2008" << std::endl;
            }
            else if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 1)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows 7" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows Server 2008 R2" << std::endl;
            }
            else if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 2)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows 8" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows Server 2012" << std::endl;
            }
            else if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 3)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows 8.1" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows Server 2012 R2" << std::endl;
            }
            else if (osvi.dwMinorVersion == 4)
            {
                if (osvi.wProductType == VER_NT_WORKSTATION)
                    std::cout << "Windows 10" << std::endl;
                else
                    std::cout << "Windows Server 2016" << std::endl;
            }
            break;

        default:
            std::cout << "Unknown" << std::endl;
            break;
    }

    return 0;
}

此代码将输出当前操作系统的名称，例如“Windows 10”。