Java 做一个学生管理系统

一个学生管理系统可以分为以下几个模块：

1. 学生信息管理模块：管理学生的基本信息，包括学号、姓名、性别、出生日期、联系方式、家庭住址等等。

2. 成绩管理模块：管理学生的各科成绩，包括语文、数学、英语、物理、化学、生物等等。

3. 课程管理模块：管理学生所选的课程，包括必修课、选修课、公共选修课等等。

4. 教师管理模块：管理教师的基本信息，包括教师编号、姓名、性别、出生日期、联系方式、授课科目等等。

5. 班级管理模块：管理班级的基本信息，包括班级编号、班级名称、班主任、学生人数等等。

6. 用户管理模块：管理系统中的用户，包括管理员、教师、学生等等。

下面是一个简单的学生管理系统的代码示例：

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Scanner;

public class StudentManagementSystem {

    private static List<Student> studentList = new ArrayList<>();
    private static List<Teacher> teacherList = new ArrayList<>();

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);

        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请选择用户类型：");
            System.out.println("1. 管理员");
            System.out.println("2. 教师");
            System.out.println("3. 学生");
            System.out.println("4. 退出");

            int userType = scanner.nextInt();
            switch (userType) {
                case 1:
                    adminLogin(scanner);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    teacherLogin(scanner);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    studentLogin(scanner);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    System.exit(0);
                    break;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void adminLogin(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入管理员用户名：");
        String adminName = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入管理员密码：");
        String adminPassword = scanner.next();
        if ("admin".equals(adminName) && "admin".equals(adminPassword)) {
            System.out.println("管理员登录成功！");
            adminMenu(scanner);
        } else {
            System.out.println("用户名或密码错误！");
        }
    }

    private static void adminMenu(Scanner scanner) {
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请选择操作：");
            System.out.println("1. 添加学生");
            System.out.println("2. 删除学生");
            System.out.println("3. 修改学生信息");
            System.out.println("4. 查询学生信息");
            System.out.println("5. 添加教师");
            System.out.println("6. 删除教师");
            System.out.println("7. 修改教师信息");
            System.out.println("8. 查询教师信息");
            System.out.println("9. 返回上级菜单");

            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            switch (choice) {
                case 1:
                    addStudent(scanner);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    deleteStudent(scanner);
                    break;
                case 3:
                    modifyStudent(scanner);
                    break;
                case 4:
                    queryStudent(scanner);
                    break;
                case 5:
                    addTeacher(scanner);
                    break;
                case 6:
                    deleteTeacher(scanner);
                    break;
                case 7:
                    modifyTeacher(scanner);
                    break;
                case 8:
                    queryTeacher(scanner);
                    break;
                case 9:
                    return;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void addStudent(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入学生学号：");
        String studentId = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
        String studentName = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生性别：");
        String studentGender = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生出生日期：");
        String studentBirth = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生联系方式：");
        String studentPhone = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入学生家庭住址：");
        String studentAddress = scanner.next();
        Student student = new Student(studentId, studentName, studentGender, studentBirth, studentPhone, studentAddress);
        studentList.add(student);
        System.out.println("添加学生成功！");
    }

    private static void deleteStudent(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的学生学号：");
        String studentId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < studentList.size(); i++) {
            if (studentList.get(i).getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
                studentList.remove(i);
                System.out.println("删除学生成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该学号的学生不存在！");
    }

    private static void modifyStudent(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的学生学号：");
        String studentId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < studentList.size(); i++) {
            if (studentList.get(i).getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
                System.out.println("请输入学生姓名：");
                String studentName = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入学生性别：");
                String studentGender = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入学生出生日期：");
                String studentBirth = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入学生联系方式：");
                String studentPhone = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入学生家庭住址：");
                String studentAddress = scanner.next();
                studentList.get(i).setStudentName(studentName);
                studentList.get(i).setStudentGender(studentGender);
                studentList.get(i).setStudentBirth(studentBirth);
                studentList.get(i).setStudentPhone(studentPhone);
                studentList.get(i).setStudentAddress(studentAddress);
                System.out.println("修改学生信息成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该学号的学生不存在！");
    }

    private static void queryStudent(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入要查询的学生学号：");
        String studentId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < studentList.size(); i++) {
            if (studentList.get(i).getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
                System.out.println(studentList.get(i));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该学号的学生不存在！");
    }

    private static void addTeacher(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入教师编号：");
        String teacherId = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入教师姓名：");
        String teacherName = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入教师性别：");
        String teacherGender = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入教师出生日期：");
        String teacherBirth = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入教师联系方式：");
        String teacherPhone = scanner.next();
        System.out.println("请输入授课科目：");
        String courseName = scanner.next();
        Teacher teacher = new Teacher(teacherId, teacherName, teacherGender, teacherBirth, teacherPhone, courseName);
        teacherList.add(teacher);
        System.out.println("添加教师成功！");
    }

    private static void deleteTeacher(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入要删除的教师编号：");
        String teacherId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < teacherList.size(); i++) {
            if (teacherList.get(i).getTeacherId().equals(teacherId)) {
                teacherList.remove(i);
                System.out.println("删除教师成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该编号的教师不存在！");
    }

    private static void modifyTeacher(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入要修改的教师编号：");
        String teacherId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < teacherList.size(); i++) {
            if (teacherList.get(i).getTeacherId().equals(teacherId)) {
                System.out.println("请输入教师姓名：");
                String teacherName = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入教师性别：");
                String teacherGender = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入教师出生日期：");
                String teacherBirth = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入教师联系方式：");
                String teacherPhone = scanner.next();
                System.out.println("请输入授课科目：");
                String courseName = scanner.next();
                teacherList.get(i).setTeacherName(teacherName);
                teacherList.get(i).setTeacherGender(teacherGender);
                teacherList.get(i).setTeacherBirth(teacherBirth);
                teacherList.get(i).setTeacherPhone(teacherPhone);
                teacherList.get(i).setCourseName(courseName);
                System.out.println("修改教师信息成功！");
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该编号的教师不存在！");
    }

    private static void queryTeacher(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入要查询的教师编号：");
        String teacherId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < teacherList.size(); i++) {
            if (teacherList.get(i).getTeacherId().equals(teacherId)) {
                System.out.println(teacherList.get(i));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该编号的教师不存在！");
    }

    private static void studentLogin(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入学生学号：");
        String studentId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < studentList.size(); i++) {
            if (studentList.get(i).getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
                System.out.println("学生登录成功！");
                studentMenu(scanner, studentList.get(i));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该学号的学生不存在！");
    }

    private static void studentMenu(Scanner scanner, Student student) {
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请选择操作：");
            System.out.println("1. 查询个人信息");
            System.out.println("2. 查询成绩");
            System.out.println("3. 查询课程");
            System.out.println("4. 返回上级菜单");

            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            switch (choice) {
                case 1:
                    System.out.println(student);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    System.out.println("请输入要查询的科目：");
                    String courseName = scanner.next();
                    System.out.println("成绩为：" + student.getScore(courseName));
                    break;
                case 3:
                    System.out.println("已选课程为：" + student.getCourseList());
                    break;
                case 4:
                    return;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }

    private static void teacherLogin(Scanner scanner) {
        System.out.println("请输入教师编号：");
        String teacherId = scanner.next();
        for (int i = 0; i < teacherList.size(); i++) {
            if (teacherList.get(i).getTeacherId().equals(teacherId)) {
                System.out.println("教师登录成功！");
                teacherMenu(scanner, teacherList.get(i));
                return;
            }
        }
        System.out.println("该编号的教师不存在！");
    }

    private static void teacherMenu(Scanner scanner, Teacher teacher) {
        while (true) {
            System.out.println("请选择操作：");
            System.out.println("1. 查询个人信息");
            System.out.println("2. 查询课程信息");
            System.out.println("3. 修改学生成绩");
            System.out.println("4. 返回上级菜单");

            int choice = scanner.nextInt();
            switch (choice) {
                case 1:
                    System.out.println(teacher);
                    break;
                case 2:
                    System.out.println("授课科目为：" + teacher.getCourseName());
                    System.out.println("所授班级为：" + teacher.getClassList());
                    break;
                case 3:
                    System.out.println("请输入要修改成绩的学生学号：");
                    String studentId = scanner.next();
                    for (Student student : studentList) {
                        if (student.getStudentId().equals(studentId)) {
                            System.out.println("请输入要修改的科目：");
                            String courseName = scanner.next();
                            System.out.println("请输入新的成绩：");
                            int score = scanner.nextInt();
                            student.setScore(courseName, score);
                            System.out.println("修改成绩成功！");
                            return;
                        }
                    }
                    System.out.println("该学号的学生不存在！");
                    break;
                case 4:
                    return;
                default:
                    System.out.println("输入错误，请重新输入！");
                    break;
            }
        }
    }
}

该系统包含了管理员、教师和学生三种用户类型，具有添加、删除、修改和查询学生、教师、课程和成绩等功能。在实际应用中，还可以根据需要增加其他功能模块。