使用C语言结构体来写一个程序某班有最多不超过30人（具体人数由键盘输入）参加期末考试，考试科目最多不超过6门（具体门数由键盘输入），定义结构体类型，用结构体数组作函数参数，编程实现如下学生成绩管理: (1）录入每个学生的学号、姓名和各科考试成绩;(2）计算每门课程的总分和平均分; (3）计算每个学生的总分和平均分; (4）按每个学生的总分由高到低排出名次表;(5)按每个学生的总分由低到高排出名次表;(6）按学号由小到大排出成绩表; (7）按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表; (8）按学号查询学生排名及其各科考试成绩;(9）按姓名查询学生排名及其各科考试成绩; (10）输出每个学生的学号、姓名、各科考试成绩、总分、平均分，以及每门课程的总分和平均分。并给出每一句的注释

#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>

// 定义一个课程结构体，包括课程名、总分和平均分
struct Course {
    char name[20];
    float totalScore;
    float avgScore;
};

// 定义一个学生结构体，包括学号、姓名、各科成绩、总分和平均分
struct Student {
    char id[10];
    char name[20];
    float score[6];
    float totalScore;
    float avgScore;
};

// 函数声明
void inputStudents(struct Student[], int, int);
void calcCourseScore(struct Student[], int, int, struct Course[]);
void calcStudentScore(struct Student[], int, int);
void sortStudentByTotalScore(struct Student[], int);
void sortStudentByTotalScoreReverse(struct Student[], int);
void sortStudentById(struct Student[], int);
void sortStudentByName(struct Student[], int);
void searchStudentById(struct Student[], int, char[]);
void searchStudentByName(struct Student[], int, char[]);

int main() {
    int n, m;
    printf("请输入学生人数（不超过30人）：");
    scanf("%d", &n);
    printf("请输入考试科目数（不超过6门）：");
    scanf("%d", &m);
    struct Student students[n];  // 定义学生结构体数组
    struct Course courses[m];    // 定义课程结构体数组

    inputStudents(students, n, m);                   // 录入学生信息和成绩
    calcCourseScore(students, n, m, courses);        // 计算每门课程的总分和平均分
    calcStudentScore(students, n, m);                // 计算每个学生的总分和平均分
    sortStudentByTotalScore(students, n);            // 按每个学生的总分由高到低排出名次表
    sortStudentByTotalScoreReverse(students, n);     // 按每个学生的总分由低到高排出名次表
    sortStudentById(students, n);                    // 按学号由小到大排出成绩表
    sortStudentByName(students, n);                  // 按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表

    char target[10];
    printf("请输入要查询的学生学号：");
    scanf("%s", target);
    searchStudentById(students, n, target);           // 按学号查询学生排名及其各科考试成绩

    printf("请输入要查询的学生姓名：");
    scanf("%s", target);
    searchStudentByName(students, n, target);         // 按姓名查询学生排名及其各科考试成绩

    printf("学号\t姓名\t");
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        printf("%s总分\t%s平均分\t", courses[i].name, courses[i].name);
    }
    printf("总分\t平均分\n");

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("%s\t%s\t", students[i].id, students[i].name);
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            printf("%.2f\t%.2f\t", students[i].score[j], students[i].score[j] / m);
        }
        printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", students[i].totalScore, students[i].avgScore);
    }

    return 0;
}

// 录入学生信息和成绩
void inputStudents(struct Student students[], int n, int m) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        printf("请输入第%d个学生的学号、姓名和各科成绩：\n", i + 1);
        scanf("%s %s", students[i].id, students[i].name);
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            scanf("%f", &students[i].score[j]);
        }
    }
}

// 计算每门课程的总分和平均分
void calcCourseScore(struct Student students[], int n, int m, struct Course courses[]) {
    for (int i = 0; i < m; i++) {
        strcpy(courses[i].name, "科目");
        courses[i].name[5] = i + '1';
        courses[i].name[6] = '\0';
        courses[i].totalScore = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < n; j++) {
            courses[i].totalScore += students[j].score[i];
        }
        courses[i].avgScore = courses[i].totalScore / n;
    }
}

// 计算每个学生的总分和平均分
void calcStudentScore(struct Student students[], int n, int m) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        students[i].totalScore = 0;
        for (int j = 0; j < m; j++) {
            students[i].totalScore += students[i].score[j];
        }
        students[i].avgScore = students[i].totalScore / m;
    }
}

// 按每个学生的总分由高到低排出名次表
void sortStudentByTotalScore(struct Student students[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
            if (students[i].totalScore < students[j].totalScore) {
                struct Student temp = students[i];
                students[i] = students[j];
                students[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

// 按每个学生的总分由低到高排出名次表
void sortStudentByTotalScoreReverse(struct Student students[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
            if (students[i].totalScore > students[j].totalScore) {
                struct Student temp = students[i];
                students[i] = students[j];
                students[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

// 按学号由小到大排出成绩表
void sortStudentById(struct Student students[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
            if (strcmp(students[i].id, students[j].id) > 0) {
                struct Student temp = students[i];
                students[i] = students[j];
                students[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

// 按姓名的字典顺序排出成绩表
void sortStudentByName(struct Student students[], int n) {
    for (int i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) {
        for (int j = i + 1; j < n; j++) {
            if (strcmp(students[i].name, students[j].name) > 0) {
                struct Student temp = students[i];
                students[i] = students[j];
                students[j] = temp;
            }
        }
    }
}

// 按学号查询学生排名及其各科考试成绩
void searchStudentById(struct Student students[], int n, char target[]) {
    int rank = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].id, target) == 0) {
            rank = i + 1;
            printf("%d\t%s\t", rank, students[i].name);
            for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++) {
                printf("%.2f\t", students[i].score[j]);
            }
            printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", students[i].totalScore, students[i].avgScore);
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("未找到学号为%s的学生\n", target);
}

// 按姓名查询学生排名及其各科考试成绩
void searchStudentByName(struct Student students[], int n, char target[]) {
    int rank = -1;
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (strcmp(students[i].name, target) == 0) {
            rank = i + 1;
            printf("%d\t%s\t", rank, students[i].id);
            for (int j = 0; j < 6; j++) {
                printf("%.2f\t", students[i].score[j]);
            }
            printf("%.2f\t%.2f\n", students[i].totalScore, students[i].avgScore);
            return;
        }
    }
    printf("未找到姓名为%s的学生\n", target);
}