pso优化rbf神经网络python
时间: 2023-09-11 13:06:24 浏览: 101
粒子群算法(pso)优化rbf神经网络
PSO(粒子群优化算法)可以用于优化RBF(Radial Basis Function)神经网络。下面是一个用Python实现的例子:
首先,我们需要导入必要的库:
```python
import numpy as np
from sklearn.cluster import KMeans
from scipy.spatial.distance import cdist
```
然后,我们定义RBF神经网络的类:
```python
class RBFNet:
def __init__(self, n_input, n_hidden, n_output):
self.n_input = n_input
self.n_hidden = n_hidden
self.n_output = n_output
self.centers = np.empty((n_hidden, n_input))
self.weights = np.random.randn(n_hidden, n_output)
self.biases = np.random.randn(n_output)
def fit(self, X, y):
kmeans = KMeans(n_clusters=self.n_hidden).fit(X)
self.centers = kmeans.cluster_centers_
distances = cdist(X, self.centers)
h = np.exp(-(distances ** 2))
self.weights = np.linalg.pinv(h) @ y
self.biases = np.mean(y - h @ self.weights, axis=0)
def predict(self, X):
distances = cdist(X, self.centers)
h = np.exp(-(distances ** 2))
return h @ self.weights + self.biases
```
在RBFNet类中,我们首先定义了构造函数,用于初始化神经网络的参数。然后,我们定义了fit方法,用于训练RBF神经网络。在fit方法中,我们使用KMeans算法对训练数据进行聚类,得到RBF网络的中心点。然后,我们计算每个样本到中心点的距离,并使用高斯函数将距离转换为权重。最后,我们使用最小二乘法求解权重和偏置项。最后,我们定义了predict方法,用于对新数据进行预测。
接下来,我们使用PSO算法优化RBF神经网络的参数:
```python
class PSO:
def __init__(self, n_particles, n_input, n_hidden, n_output, lr, max_iter):
self.n_particles = n_particles
self.n_input = n_input
self.n_hidden = n_hidden
self.n_output = n_output
self.lr = lr
self.max_iter = max_iter
self.best_cost = np.inf
self.best_position = np.empty((n_particles, n_input + n_output + n_hidden * n_output + n_output))
self.particles = []
for i in range(n_particles):
particle = np.random.randn(n_input + n_output + n_hidden * n_output + n_output)
self.particles.append(particle)
def cost_function(self, X, y, particle):
n_input = self.n_input
n_hidden = self.n_hidden
n_output = self.n_output
centers = particle[:n_hidden * n_input].reshape((n_hidden, n_input))
weights = particle[n_hidden * n_input:(n_hidden * n_input + n_hidden * n_output)].reshape((n_hidden, n_output))
biases = particle[-n_output:]
net = RBFNet(n_input, n_hidden, n_output)
net.centers = centers
net.weights = weights
net.biases = biases
y_pred = net.predict(X)
mse = np.mean((y_pred - y) ** 2)
if mse < self.best_cost:
self.best_cost = mse
self.best_position = particle
return mse
def optimize(self, X, y):
velocities = np.zeros((self.n_particles, self.n_input + self.n_output + self.n_hidden * self.n_output + self.n_output))
for i in range(self.max_iter):
for j in range(self.n_particles):
particle = self.particles[j]
velocity = velocities[j]
r1 = np.random.random(self.n_input + self.n_output + self.n_hidden * self.n_output + self.n_output)
r2 = np.random.random(self.n_input + self.n_output + self.n_hidden * self.n_output + self.n_output)
velocity = (0.5 * velocity
+ self.lr * r1 * (self.best_position - particle)
+ self.lr * r2 * (self.best_position - particle))
particle = particle + velocity
cost = self.cost_function(X, y, particle)
self.particles[j] = particle
velocities[j] = velocity
```
在PSO类中,我们首先定义了构造函数,用于初始化PSO算法的参数。然后,我们定义了cost_function方法,用于计算RBF神经网络的均方误差,并更新全局最优解和最优位置。最后,我们定义了optimize方法,用于优化RBF神经网络的参数。
现在,我们可以使用PSO算法优化RBF神经网络的参数:
```python
X = np.random.rand(100, 10)
y = np.random.rand(100, 1)
pso = PSO(n_particles=10, n_input=10, n_hidden=5, n_output=1, lr=0.1, max_iter=1000)
pso.optimize(X, y)
best_position = pso.best_position
centers = best_position[:5 * 10].reshape((5, 10))
weights = best_position[5 * 10:(5 * 10 + 5 * 1)].reshape((5, 1))
biases = best_position[-1]
net = RBFNet(10, 5, 1)
net.centers = centers
net.weights = weights
net.biases = biases
y_pred = net.predict(X)
mse = np.mean((y_pred - y) ** 2)
print('MSE:', mse)
```
在这个例子中,我们生成了一个随机的数据集,并使用PSO算法优化RBF神经网络的参数。最后,我们使用训练好的神经网络对测试数据进行预测,并计算均方误差。
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