Android获取及禁用设备麦克风功能，具体代码实现

获取设备麦克风权限的代码如下：

1. 在 AndroidManifest.xml 文件中添加录音权限：

<uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />

2. 在 Activity 或 Fragment 中获取麦克风权限：

private static final int REQUEST_RECORD_AUDIO_PERMISSION = 200;

private boolean permissionToRecordAccepted = false;
private String [] permissions = {Manifest.permission.RECORD_AUDIO};

@Override
public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(this, permissions, REQUEST_RECORD_AUDIO_PERMISSION);
}

@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
    super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
    switch (requestCode) {
        case REQUEST_RECORD_AUDIO_PERMISSION:
            permissionToRecordAccepted  = grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED;
            break;
    }
    if (!permissionToRecordAccepted ) finish();

}

禁用设备麦克风功能的代码如下：

AudioManager audioManager = (AudioManager) getSystemService(Context.AUDIO_SERVICE);
audioManager.setMicrophoneMute(true); // 禁用麦克风
audioManager.setMicrophoneMute(false); // 启用麦克风

需要注意的是，禁用麦克风需要获取录音权限，否则会抛出 SecurityException 异常。