运行了你的程序，ubuntu提示Warning: Ignoring XDG_SESSION_TYPE=wayland on Gnome. Use QT_QPA_PLATFORM=wayland to run on Wayland anyway. qt.qpa.plugin: Could not load the Qt platform plugin "xcb" in "" even though it was found. This application failed to start because no Qt platform plugin could be initialized. Reinstalling the application may fix this problem. Available platform plugins are: eglfs, linuxfb, minimal, minimalegl, offscreen, vnc, wayland-egl, wayland, wayland-xcomposite-egl, wayland-xcomposite-glx, webgl, xcb. 已放弃 (核心已转储)，怎么办

这个错误提示是因为缺少Qt的xcb平台插件导致的，你可以尝试以下解决方案：

1.安装Qt xcb插件

在Ubuntu系统中，使用以下命令安装Qt xcb插件：

sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xkb1
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xkb-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-render-util0
sudo apt-get install libxcb-render-util0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-icccm4-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-image0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-keysyms1-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-randr0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-shape0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-sync-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-util-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xfixes0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xinerama0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xkb-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-xrm-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb-shm0-dev
sudo apt-get install libxcb1-dev

2.设置QT_QPA_PLATFORM环境变量

在运行程序之前，可以设置QT_QPA_PLATFORM环境变量为xcb，这样程序就可以使用xcb平台插件了。在终端中输入以下命令：

export QT_QPA_PLATFORM=xcb

然后再运行程序，看看是否可以正常运行。

如果还是无法解决问题，可以尝试重新安装PyQt5和Qt5，并确保它们的版本匹配。