用Python如何写一个贪吃蛇游戏

你可以使用 Pygame 模块来编写贪吃蛇游戏。以下是一个简单的示例代码：

import pygame
import random

# 初始化 Pygame
pygame.init()

# 设置游戏窗口大小
window_width = 600
window_height = 400
window = pygame.display.set_mode((window_width, window_height))

# 设置游戏标题
pygame.display.set_caption('贪吃蛇游戏')

# 定义颜色
white = (255, 255, 255)
black = (0, 0, 0)
red = (255, 0, 0)
green = (0, 255, 0)

# 定义蛇的初始位置和大小
snake_block_size = 10
snake_speed = 15
snake_list = []
snake_length = 1
snake_x = window_width / 2
snake_y = window_height / 2

# 定义食物的初始位置和大小
food_block_size = 10
food_x = round(random.randrange(0, window_width - food_block_size) / 10.0) * 10.0
food_y = round(random.randrange(0, window_height - food_block_size) / 10.0) * 10.0

# 定义字体
font_style = pygame.font.SysFont(None, 30)

# 定义游戏结束函数
def game_over():
    message = font_style.render('游戏结束，按 Q 退出，按 C 重新开始', True, red)
    window.blit(message, [window_width / 6, window_height / 3])
    pygame.display.update()
    while True:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_q:
                    pygame.quit()
                    quit()
                elif event.key == pygame.K_c:
                    game_loop()

# 定义游戏循环函数
def game_loop():
    global snake_x, snake_y, snake_list, snake_length, food_x, food_y

    # 初始化蛇的位置和长度
    snake_x = window_width / 2
    snake_y = window_height / 2
    snake_list = []
    snake_length = 1

    # 初始化食物的位置
    food_x = round(random.randrange(0, window_width - food_block_size) / 10.0) * 10.0
    food_y = round(random.randrange(0, window_height - food_block_size) / 10.0) * 10.0

    # 定义蛇的移动方向
    direction = 'right'

    # 游戏循环
    game_exit = False
    while not game_exit:
        for event in pygame.event.get():
            if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
                pygame.quit()
                quit()
            if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN:
                if event.key == pygame.K_LEFT:
                    direction = 'left'
                elif event.key == pygame.K_RIGHT:
                    direction = 'right'
                elif event.key == pygame.K_UP:
                    direction = 'up'
                elif event.key == pygame.K_DOWN:
                    direction = 'down'

        # 移动蛇的位置
        if direction == 'right':
            snake_x += snake_block_size
        elif direction == 'left':
            snake_x -= snake_block_size
        elif direction == 'up':
            snake_y -= snake_block_size
        elif direction == 'down':
            snake_y += snake_block_size

        # 判断蛇是否吃到食物
        if snake_x == food_x and snake_y == food_y:
            food_x = round(random.randrange(0, window_width - food_block_size) / 10.0) * 10.0
            food_y = round(random.randrange(0, window_height - food_block_size) / 10.0) * 10.0
            snake_length += 1

        # 更新蛇的位置列表
        snake_head = []
        snake_head.append(snake_x)
        snake_head.append(snake_y)
        snake_list.append(snake_head)
        if len(snake_list) > snake_length:
            del snake_list[0]

        # 判断蛇是否撞到自己或墙壁
        for block in snake_list[:-1]:
            if block == snake_head:
                game_over()
        if snake_x < 0 or snake_x >= window_width or snake_y < 0 or snake_y >= window_height:
            game_over()

        # 绘制游戏界面
        window.fill(white)
        pygame.draw.rect(window, green, [food_x, food_y, food_block_size, food_block_size])
        for block in snake_list:
            pygame.draw.rect(window, black, [block[0], block[1], snake_block_size, snake_block_size])
        pygame.display.update()

        # 控制游戏速度
        clock = pygame.time.Clock()
        clock.tick(snake_speed)

    # 退出 Pygame
    pygame.quit()
    quit()

# 开始游戏
game_loop()

这个代码可以在 Python 环境中运行，会弹出一个窗口，显示贪吃蛇游戏界面。你可以使用方向键控制蛇的移动方向，吃到食物后蛇的长度会增加，如果蛇撞到自己或墙壁，游戏就会结束。