C++窗体实现成语字典查询

您好，以下是一个简单的 C++ 窗体程序实现成语字典查询的示例代码。

首先，需要使用 Visual Studio 创建一个 Win32 窗体应用程序项目。

在 Form1.h 文件中，添加如下代码：

#pragma once

#include <string>
#include <vector>
#include <algorithm>
#include <fstream>

namespace IdiomDictionary {

    struct Idiom {
        std::string name;
        std::string explanation;
    };

    class Form1 : public System::Windows::Forms::Form {
    private:
        std::vector<Idiom> m_idioms;

    public:
        Form1() {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

    protected:
        ~Form1() {
            if (components) {
                delete components;
            }
        }

    private:
        System::Windows::Forms::TextBox^ textBox1;
        System::Windows::Forms::Button^ button1;
        System::Windows::Forms::ListBox^ listBox1;

        System::ComponentModel::Container^ components;

        void InitializeComponent(void) {
            this->textBox1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::TextBox());
            this->button1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::Button());
            this->listBox1 = (gcnew System::Windows::Forms::ListBox());
            this->SuspendLayout();
            // 
            // textBox1
            // 
            this->textBox1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(12, 12);
            this->textBox1->Name = L"textBox1";
            this->textBox1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(200, 21);
            this->textBox1->TabIndex = 0;
            // 
            // button1
            // 
            this->button1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(218, 12);
            this->button1->Name = L"button1";
            this->button1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(75, 23);
            this->button1->TabIndex = 1;
            this->button1->Text = L"查询";
            this->button1->UseVisualStyleBackColor = true;
            this->button1->Click += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::button1_Click);
            // 
            // listBox1
            // 
            this->listBox1->FormattingEnabled = true;
            this->listBox1->Location = System::Drawing::Point(12, 39);
            this->listBox1->Name = L"listBox1";
            this->listBox1->Size = System::Drawing::Size(281, 212);
            this->listBox1->TabIndex = 2;
            // 
            // Form1
            // 
            this->AutoScaleDimensions = System::Drawing::SizeF(6, 12);
            this->AutoScaleMode = System::Windows::Forms::AutoScaleMode::Font;
            this->ClientSize = System::Drawing::Size(308, 261);
            this->Controls->Add(this->listBox1);
            this->Controls->Add(this->button1);
            this->Controls->Add(this->textBox1);
            this->Name = L"Form1";
            this->Text = L"成语字典查询";
            this->Load += gcnew System::EventHandler(this, &Form1::Form1_Load);
            this->ResumeLayout(false);
            this->PerformLayout();
        }

        void button1_Click(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
            std::string keyword = msclr::interop::marshal_as<std::string>(textBox1->Text);
            std::vector<std::string> results;
            for (auto& idiom : m_idioms) {
                if (idiom.name.find(keyword) != std::string::npos) {
                    results.push_back(idiom.name + "：" + idiom.explanation);
                }
            }
            listBox1->Items->Clear();
            listBox1->Items->AddRange(gcnew cli::array<System::Object^>(results.size()));
            for (int i = 0; i < results.size(); ++i) {
                listBox1->Items[i] = gcnew System::String(results[i].c_str());
            }
        }

        void Form1_Load(System::Object^ sender, System::EventArgs^ e) {
            std::ifstream file("idiom.txt");
            std::string line;
            while (std::getline(file, line)) {
                size_t pos = line.find("：");
                if (pos != std::string::npos) {
                    Idiom idiom;
                    idiom.name = line.substr(0, pos);
                    idiom.explanation = line.substr(pos + 1);
                    m_idioms.push_back(idiom);
                }
            }
            file.close();
        }
    };
}

其中，我们使用了一个 Idiom 结构体来存储每个成语的名称和解释。在 Form1 类中，我们使用了一个 std::vector 来存储所有的成语，并在窗体加载时从文本文件中读取。在查询时，我们遍历所有的成语，找到包含关键字的成语，并将结果显示在 ListBox 控件中。

在 main.cpp 文件中，添加如下代码：

#include "Form1.h"

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Windows::Forms;

[STAThread]
int main(array<System::String^>^ args) {
    Application::EnableVisualStyles();
    Application::SetCompatibleTextRenderingDefault(false);
    IdiomDictionary::Form1 form;
    Application::Run(% form);
    return 0;
}

这里我们简单地创建一个 Form1 对象，并将其传递给 Application::Run 方法来启动窗体应用程序。

最后，在项目中添加一个名为 idiom.txt 的文本文件，将所有的成语和解释按照“成语名：解释”的格式保存在文件中。

编译并运行程序，即可开始查询成语。