pcf8563芯片经过iic驱动得到的wire [23:0] rtc_time 从低位到高位依次是秒、分、时，各8bit，将其通过ASCII由串口uart_rx输出

假设你已经完成了pcf8563芯片的iic驱动和rtc_time的获取，那么将其通过ASCII由串口uart_rx输出可以通过以下代码实现：

module pcf8563_to_uart(
    input wire clk,
    input wire rst_n,
    input wire iic_scl,
    inout wire iic_sda,
    input wire uart_rx_clk,
    input wire uart_rx_rst_n,
    output reg uart_tx,
    output reg uart_tx_en
);

// 定义常量
localparam ADDR_SEC = 7'h02;
localparam ADDR_MIN = 7'h03;
localparam ADDR_HOUR = 7'h04;
localparam BAUD_RATE = 9600;  // 波特率
localparam CLK_FREQ = 50_000_000;  // 时钟频率

// 定义寄存器
reg [7:0] sec;
reg [7:0] min;
reg [7:0] hour;

// 定义计数器
reg [7:0] cnt;

// 定义状态机状态
localparam IDLE = 2'd0;
localparam SEND_SEC = 2'd1;
localparam SEND_MIN = 2'd2;
localparam SEND_HOUR = 2'd3;

// 定义状态机信号
reg [1:0] state_next;
wire [1:0] state;

// 时钟分频
reg [31:0] cnt_clk;
localparam CLK_DIV = CLK_FREQ / BAUD_RATE / 2 - 1;

// IIC总线
wire ack;
reg [7:0] data_in;
reg [7:0] data_out;
reg [6:0] addr_out;
reg [6:0] addr_next;
wire [6:0] addr;
reg [2:0] iic_state;
localparam IDLE_IIC = 3'd0;
localparam START = 3'd1;
localparam ADDR_OUT = 3'd2;
localparam DATA_OUT = 3'd3;
localparam RESTART = 3'd4;
localparam ADDR_IN = 3'd5;
localparam DATA_IN_ACK = 3'd6;
localparam DATA_IN_NACK = 3'd7;
localparam STOP = 3'd8;

// 状态机
always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin
    if (!rst_n) begin
        cnt <= 0;
        sec <= 0;
        min <= 0;
        hour <= 0;
        state_next <= IDLE;
        addr_out <= ADDR_SEC;
        iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
    end else begin
        cnt <= cnt + 1;
        sec <= rtc_time[7:0];
        min <= rtc_time[15:8];
        hour <= rtc_time[23:16];
        state_next <= state;
        addr_out <= addr_next;
        case (state)
            IDLE: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 0;
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= SEND_SEC;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
                end
            end
            SEND_SEC: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 1;
                uart_tx <= {8'h0A, sec + '0'};
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= SEND_MIN;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_MIN;
                end
            end
            SEND_MIN: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 1;
                uart_tx <= {8'h0A, min + '0'};
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= SEND_HOUR;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_HOUR;
                end
            end
            SEND_HOUR: begin
                uart_tx_en <= 1;
                uart_tx <= {8'h0A, hour + '0'};
                if (cnt >= CLK_DIV) begin
                    cnt <= 0;
                    state_next <= IDLE;
                    addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
                end
            end
        endcase
    end
end

// IIC总线
assign iic_sda = (iic_state == DATA_OUT || iic_state == ADDR_OUT) ? data_out[7] : 1'bZ;
always @(posedge clk, negedge rst_n) begin
    if (!rst_n) begin
        data_in <= 0;
        data_out <= 0;
        addr_next <= ADDR_SEC;
        iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
    end else begin
        case (iic_state)
            IDLE_IIC: begin
                if (iic_scl == 0 && iic_sda == 0) begin
                    iic_state <= START;
                end else if (iic_scl == 0 && iic_sda == 1) begin
                    iic_state <= STOP;
                end
            end
            START: begin
                iic_sda <= 0;
                iic_state <= ADDR_OUT;
            end
            ADDR_OUT: begin
                addr <= addr_out;
                iic_sda <= addr[6];
                addr_out <= addr_out + 1;
                iic_state <= DATA_OUT;
            end
            DATA_OUT: begin
                data_out <= (iic_state == DATA_OUT) ? data_out << 1 : 0;
                if (iic_scl == 1) begin
                    data_out <= {data_out[6:0], iic_sda};
                    iic_state <= (addr_out == ADDR_SEC) ? RESTART : ADDR_OUT;
                end
            end
            RESTART: begin
                iic_sda <= 1;
                iic_state <= ADDR_IN;
            end
            ADDR_IN: begin
                addr <= addr_out;
                iic_sda <= addr[6];
                iic_state <= DATA_IN_ACK;
            end
            DATA_IN_ACK: begin
                iic_sda <= 1;
                if (iic_scl == 1) begin
                    iic_state <= DATA_IN_NACK;
                end
            end
            DATA_IN_NACK: begin
                if (iic_scl == 0) begin
                    data_in <= iic_sda;
                    iic_sda <= 1;
                    iic_state <= STOP;
                end
            end
            STOP: begin
                iic_sda <= 0;
                iic_state <= IDLE_IIC;
            end
        endcase
    end
end

endmodule

这个模块包含了一个状态机和一个IIC总线模块。状态机负责将rtc_time中的秒、分、时依次通过串口输出，其中波特率为9600，时钟频率为50MHz。IIC总线模块实现了主设备向从设备读取数据的功能，其中地址、数据、应答等信号都需要在状态机中进行控制。注意在发送数据时，需要在数据前加上一个换行符0A，以便在串口助手中能够正确显示。