我想自动发送邮件,我是QQ邮箱账号,请给我一个python代码与伪代码流程,并告诉我每个指令的含义、参数和可实现的功能,并给这些指令和参数举一个输入值和输出值的例子
时间: 2023-06-11 17:07:51 浏览: 75
selenium+python实现自动登陆QQ邮箱并发送邮件功能
好的,以下是一份基于 Python 的发送邮件的代码和伪代码流程:
## 代码
```python
import smtplib
from email.mime.text import MIMEText
from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart
from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication
# 定义邮件发送函数
def send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files=[]):
# 创建邮件对象
msg = MIMEMultipart()
# 设置邮件基本信息
msg['From'] = sender
msg['To'] = recipient
msg['Subject'] = subject
# 添加邮件正文
msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))
# 添加邮件附件
for file in files:
with open(file, 'rb') as f:
attachment = MIMEApplication(f.read(), Name=file.split('/')[-1])
attachment['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % file.split('/')[-1]
msg.attach(attachment)
# 连接邮箱服务器并发送邮件
try:
smtp_obj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.qq.com', 465)
smtp_obj.login(sender, password)
smtp_obj.sendmail(sender, recipient, msg.as_string())
smtp_obj.quit()
print("邮件发送成功!")
except Exception as e:
print("邮件发送失败!错误信息:", e)
# 调用发送邮件函数
sender = 'your_email@qq.com'
password = 'your_email_password'
recipient = 'recipient_email_address'
subject = '邮件主题'
body = '邮件正文'
files = ['file_path1', 'file_path2']
send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files)
```
## 伪代码流程
1. 导入需要的模块 `smtplib`、`email.mime.text`、`email.mime.multipart` 和 `email.mime.application`;
2. 定义发送邮件的函数 `send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files=[])`;
3. 创建邮件对象 `msg = MIMEMultipart()`;
4. 设置邮件基本信息,包括发件人、收件人和主题;
5. 添加邮件正文 `msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))`;
6. 添加邮件附件 `msg.attach(attachment)`;
7. 连接邮箱服务器并发送邮件,如果发送成功则打印提示信息,否则打印错误信息;
8. 调用发送邮件函数 `send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files)`。
## 指令含义、参数和可实现的功能
1. `import smtplib`:导入 `smtplib` 模块,用于连接邮箱服务器和发送邮件;
2. `from email.mime.text import MIMEText`:导入 `email.mime.text` 模块,用于设置邮件正文;
3. `from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart`:导入 `email.mime.multipart` 模块,用于创建邮件对象、设置邮件基本信息和添加邮件附件;
4. `from email.mime.application import MIMEApplication`:导入 `email.mime.application` 模块,用于添加邮件附件;
5. `def send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files=[])`:定义发送邮件的函数,参数包括发件人、发件人密码、收件人、主题、正文和附件;
6. `msg = MIMEMultipart()`:创建邮件对象 `msg`;
7. `msg['From'] = sender`:设置邮件发件人;
8. `msg['To'] = recipient`:设置邮件收件人;
9. `msg['Subject'] = subject`:设置邮件主题;
10. `msg.attach(MIMEText(body, 'plain'))`:添加邮件正文;
11. `with open(file, 'rb') as f:`:打开附件文件;
12. `attachment = MIMEApplication(f.read(), Name=file.split('/')[-1])`:读取附件内容并设置名称;
13. `attachment['Content-Disposition'] = 'attachment; filename="%s"' % file.split('/')[-1]`:设置附件的描述信息;
14. `msg.attach(attachment)`:添加邮件附件;
15. `smtp_obj = smtplib.SMTP_SSL('smtp.qq.com', 465)`:连接 QQ 邮箱 SMTP 服务器;
16. `smtp_obj.login(sender, password)`:登录 QQ 邮箱;
17. `smtp_obj.sendmail(sender, recipient, msg.as_string())`:发送邮件;
18. `smtp_obj.quit()`:退出邮箱;
19. `send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files)`:调用发送邮件函数。
## 举例说明
假设我们要给收件人 `recipient_email_address` 发送一封主题为 `测试邮件` 的邮件,邮件正文为 `这是一封测试邮件,请勿回复!`,并且附件为当前目录下的 `test.txt` 文件。我们可以按照以下方式输入指令:
```python
sender = 'your_email@qq.com'
password = 'your_email_password'
recipient = 'recipient_email_address'
subject = '测试邮件'
body = '这是一封测试邮件,请勿回复!'
files = ['test.txt']
send_mail(sender, password, recipient, subject, body, files)
```
执行后,如果发送成功则会打印提示信息,否则会打印错误信息。
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