写一个Matlab程序分离出音频信号的背景音乐
时间: 2023-05-24 13:02:43 浏览: 291
A:可以使用短时傅里叶变换(Short-time Fourier transform,简称STFT)和谱减法(Spectral subtraction)分离出音频信号的背景音乐。
首先读入音频文件,并进行STFT:
```matlab
[x, fs] = audioread('filename.mp3'); % 读入音频文件
win_size = 1024; % 窗口长度
hop_size = win_size / 2; % 帧移
N = length(x); % 信号总长度
n_frames = fix((N - win_size) / hop_size) + 1; % 帧数
window = hamming(win_size); % 窗函数
X = zeros(win_size, n_frames); % 帧矩阵
for i = 1 : n_frames
index = (i - 1) * hop_size + 1 : (i - 1) * hop_size + win_size;
X(:, i) = x(index) .* window;
end
Y = fft(X);
```
然后计算每帧的幅度谱和相位谱:
```matlab
mag = abs(Y); % 幅度谱
phase = angle(Y); % 相位谱
```
接下来计算背景噪声的谱,并做一个长时平均:
```matlab
noise_mag = zeros(win_size, n_frames); % 噪声幅度谱
for i = 1 : 10
noise_mag(:, i) = mag(:, i); % 取前10帧作为噪声
end
for i = 11 : n_frames
noise_mag(:, i) = (1 - 0.1) * noise_mag(:, i-1) + 0.1 * mag(:, i);
end
```
计算每帧的信噪比(SNR),并根据SNR值做谱减法:
```matlab
alpha = 2; % 调整参数
SNR = mag ./ noise_mag;
SNR(SNR <= 1) = 1;
gain = (SNR .^ alpha - 1) ./ SNR .^ alpha;
Z = mag - gain .* noise_mag; % 谱减
Z(Z < 0) = 0;
```
最后将每帧的谱经过相位谱合成,得到分离出来的音频信号:
```matlab
z = ifft(Z .* exp(1j * phase));
y = zeros(N, 1); % 分离信号
for i = 1 : n_frames
index = (i - 1) * hop_size + 1 : (i - 1) * hop_size + win_size;
y(index) = y(index) + z(:, i);
end
y = real(y);
```
参考文献:
[1] Gerhard Doblinger, "Spectral Subtraction Revisited," IEEE Transactions on Speech and Audio Processing, Vol. 7, No. 4, July 1999.
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